Table 3.

Mean daily amounts consumed by 49 preschool children who over 3 different 5-day periods were served lower-energy density (ED), baseline-ED, and higher-ED foods¹.

	Experimental Condition
	Lower-ED	Baseline-ED	Higher-ED

Food and milk intake (g/d)
Manipulated dishes²	148±11^a	158±11^ab	167±11^b
Non-manipulated foods and milk³	803±36 ^a	838±36 ^a	822±36 ^a
Total⁴	952±41^a	997±41^b	988±41^ab
Energy density (kcal/g)
Manipulated dishes	1.48±0.02^a	1.87±0.02^b	2.23±0.03^c
Non-manipulated foods and milk	1.13±0.03^a	1.12±0.03^a	1.13±0.03^a
Total	0.93±0.02^a	0.97±0.02^b	1.06±0.03^c
Energy intake (kcal/d)
Manipulated dishes	219±22 ^a	297±22 ^b	370±22 ^c
Non-manipulated foods and milk	659±26 ^a	657±26 ^a	664±26 ^a
Total	884±38 ^a	956±37 ^b	1041±3 ^c
Macronutrients (% energy)
Fat	19.1±0.6^a	22.5±0.6^b	26.6±0.6^c
Protein	14.5±0.4^a	14.5±0.4^a	13.2±0.4^b
Carbohydrate	66.2±0.8^a	62.7±0.8^b	60.0±0.8^c

All values are mean ± SEM from mixed linear models with repeated measures; values in the same row with different superscript letters are significantly different (P < 0.05).

Manipulated foods on each daily menu were varied in ED by decreasing or increasing by 20% from the baseline ED, and consisted of one main dish at each meal of breakfast, lunch, and dinner plus one dish at afternoon snack.

Non-manipulated foods on each daily menu were not varied in ED and consisted of side dishes served with breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack, and dinner plus foods served at morning and evening snacks.

⁴

Total food and milk on each menu consisted of manipulated foods, non-manipulated foods, and milk.