Table 4.
Opportunistic Infections in 20 Patients Without Tuberculosis With False-Positive Lateral Flow Urine Lipoarabinomannan Assay Results
| Patient | Band Intensity | MACa | Cryptococcosisa | PCPa | Other Infection |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4+ | Yes | No | No | … |
| 2 | 4+ | Yes | No | No | … |
| 3 | 4+ | Yes | No | No | … |
| 4 | 4+ | Yes | No | No | … |
| 5 | 4+ | Yes | No | Yes | … |
| 6 | 2+ | Yes | No | No | … |
| 7 | 1+ | Yes | No | No | … |
| 8 | 4+ | No | Yes | No | … |
| 9 | 2+ | No | Yes | Yes | Bacterial pneumonia |
| 10 | 1+ | No | Yes | Yes | … |
| 11 | 1+ | No | Yes | No | Bacterial pneumonia |
| 12 | 1+ | No | Yes | No | … |
| 13 | 1+ | No | Yesb | No | … |
| 14 | 1+ | No | No | Yes | … |
| 15 | 1+ | No | No | Yes | … |
| 16 | 1+ | No | No | Yes | Bacterial pneumonia |
| 17 | 1+ | No | No | No | Mycobacterium kansasii |
| 18 | 1+ | No | No | No | Histoplasmosis |
| 19 | 1+ | No | No | No | Lymphoma |
| 20 | 1+ | No | No | No | No proved OIc |
The LF-LAM test result was graded according to the manufacturer’s new reference card, with band intensities graded on a scale of 1 to 4 (from lightest to darkest).
Abbreviations: MAC, Mycobacterium avium complex; OI, opportunistic infection; PCP, Pneumocystis pneumonia.
aMAC infection was diagnosed based on positive culture blood, bone marrow, sputum, stool, or lymph node cultures; cryptococcosis, based on positive cerebrospinal fluid or blood culture; and PCP, based on clinical factors and marked improvement after trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy.
bCryptococcal antigenemia.
cSymptoms spontaneously resolved after antiretroviral therapy.