Table 1.

Eligibility criteria.

Inclusion criteria
•Age ≥ 65 years •Incident ESKD started on chronic HD within 90 days prior to screening and recovery of kidney function is unlikely •Advanced kidney disease expected to require HD initiation within 90 days of screening •TCVC is the sole vascular access used for HD •Did not undergo prior AV access placement •Medically eligible to receive AVF and AVG placement •Surgically eligible to receive AVF and AVG placement •Ability to provide informed consent •HD is the intended long-term modality of treatment for ESKD •Anticipated ability to comply with study procedures •Planning to remain within Wake Forest provided health care for at least 12 months
Exclusion criteria
•Presence of an AVF or AVG •Previous attempt(s) for AV vascular access placement •Native vasculature not suitable for placement of AVF •Imminent kidney transplant (expected within 6 months) •Anticipated life expectancy <9 months

Abbreviations: ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; HD, hemodialysis; TCVC, tunneled central venous catheter; AV, arteriovenous; AVF, arteriovenous fistula; AVG, arteriovenous graft.