Table 2.
Serum biochemical parameters in type 2 diabetic rats at 4 weeks of intervention
| Parameter | C. nutans (100 mg/kg) | C. nutans (200 mg/kg) | Quercetin (10 mg kg−1 day−1) | Diabetic control | Normal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insulin (pg/ml) | 157 ± 13a | 150 ± 17a | 140 ± 10a | 125 ± 32a | 265 ± 24 |
| TC (mM) | 1.3 ± 0.24b | 1.2 ± 0.18b | 1.3 ± 0.11b | 1.7 ± 0.03a | 1.2 ± 0.12 |
| Trig (mM) | 0.8 ± 0.34b | 0.6 ± 0.11b | 1.2 ± 0.08a , b | 1.5 ± 0.04a | 0.6 ± 0.11 |
| LDL (mM) | 0.2 ± 0.05b | 0.2 ± 0.07b | 0.3 ± 0.07b | 0.4 ± 0.02a | 0.2 ± 0.06 |
| HDL (mM) | 0.9 ± 0.15b | 1.0 ± 0.13b | 0.8 ± 0.16 | 0.7 ± 0.09a | 0.9 ± 0.05 |
| ALT (U/L) | 59.5 ± 12.40 | 60 ± 13.19 | 73 ± 19.8 | 90.1 ± 36.39 | 57.6 ± 12.46 |
| ALP (U/L) | 229.3 ± 63.53a , b | 211 ± 72.43a , b | 454 ± 11.55a | 440.3 ± 33.68a | 126.3 ± 4.74 |
| AST (U/L) | 109.1 ± 15.40 | 123.2 ± 16.16 | 148.3 ± 60.44 | 188.1 ± 50.9 | 149.9 ± 31.12 |
| Creatinine (μM) | 62.0 ± 7.19 | 64.0 ± 5.15 | 67 ± 7.75 | 72.5 ± 10.76 | 60.5 ± 3.51 |
| Urea (mM) | 5.3 ± 1.42 | 5.3 ± 1.56 | 5.5 ± 1.23 | 6.8 ± 0.56a | 4.2 ± 0.88 |
Data are mean ± SD (n = 5). Groups are the same as in Table 1.
ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartate transaminase; Crea: creatinine; HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; TC: total cholesterol; Trig: triglyceride.
a
Statistical difference in comparison with the normal in each row (p < 0.05).
b
Statistical difference in comparison with the diabetic control normal group in each row (p < 0.05).