Table 3.
Summary of raw sleep data at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months of the participants included in the per protocol analyses.
| Characteristics | n | CON | n | BIKE | n | MOD | n | VIG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accelerometry | ||||||||
| Sleep duration (min/night)a | ||||||||
| Baseline | 12 | 414 (47) | 20 | 410 (52) | 24 | 417 (42) | 24 | 427 (41) |
| 3 months | 12 | 393 (57) | 20 | 394 (44) | 24 | 418 (40) | 24 | 429 (39) |
| Baseline | 13 | 414 (42) | 17 | 404 (47) | 26 | 420 (41) | 22 | 427 (40) |
| 6 months | 13 | 421 (54) | 17 | 407 (47) | 26 | 414 (46) | 22 | 419 (51) |
| Sleep duration variability (min/night)b | ||||||||
| Baseline | 12 | 60 (37; 80) | 20 | 46 (39; 58) | 24 | 50 (39; 70) | 24 | 52 (36; 63) |
| 3 months | 12 | 66 (42; 71) | 20 | 56 (47; 74) | 24 | 50 (36; 66) | 24 | 55 (39; 71) |
| Baseline | 13 | 41 (34; 75) | 17 | 49 (39; 62) | 26 | 50 (38; 70) | 22 | 52 (34; 64) |
| 6 months | 13 | 60 (46; 77) | 17 | 42 (33; 66) | 26 | 43 (32; 58) | 22 | 47 (29; 67) |
| Sleep midpoint variability (min/night)b | ||||||||
| Baseline | 12 | 50 (38; 59) | 20 | 30 (24; 54) | 24 | 40 (27; 60) | 24 | 37 (24; 45) |
| 3 months | 12 | 39 (31; 63) | 20 | 44 (33; 63) | 24 | 49 (26; 67) | 24 | 43 (34; 52) |
| Baseline | 13 | 50 (38; 53) | 17 | 29 (23; 55) | 26 | 44 (30; 59) | 22 | 37 (26; 45) |
| 6 months | 13 | 45 (39; 53) | 17 | 40 (35; 47) | 26 | 36 (27; 51) | 22 | 38 (27; 45) |
| Weekday sleep duration (min/night)a | ||||||||
| Baseline | 12 | 411 (48) | 20 | 406 (57) | 24 | 407 (51) | 24 | 420 (53) |
| 3 months | 12 | 384 (56) | 20 | 392 (55) | 24 | 419 (52) | 24 | 418 (45) |
| Baseline | 13 | 408 (48) | 17 | 398 (57) | 26 | 410 (50) | 22 | 419 (54) |
| 6 months | 13 | 413 (63) | 17 | 403 (47) | 26 | 414 (49) | 22 | 419 (66) |
| Weekend sleep duration (min/night)a | ||||||||
| Baseline | 12 | 430 (96) | 20 | 415 (71) | 24 | 445 (63) | 24 | 447 (51) |
| 3 months | 12 | 417 (83) | 20 | 398 (57) | 24 | 415 (59) | 24 | 458 (88) |
| Baseline | 13 | 433 (76) | 17 | 413 (70) | 26 | 447 (63) | 22 | 446 (44) |
| 6 months | 13 | 441 (79) | 17 | 418 (66) | 26 | 414 (66) | 22 | 421 (57) |
| Number of nightsb | ||||||||
| Baseline | 12 | 7 (7; 7) | 20 | 7 (7; 7) | 24 | 7 (7; 7) | 24 | 7 (6; 7) |
| 3 months | 12 | 7 (7; 7) | 20 | 7 (7; 7) | 24 | 7 (7; 7) | 24 | 7 (6; 7) |
| Baseline | 13 | 7 (7; 7) | 17 | 7 (7; 7) | 26 | 7 (7; 7) | 22 | 7 (6; 7) |
| 6 months | 13 | 7 (7; 7) | 17 | 7 (7; 7) | 26 | 7 (7; 7) | 22 | 7 (6; 7) |
| Sleep logs | ||||||||
| Bedtime (hh:mm)b | ||||||||
| Baseline | 12 | 23:33 (22:57; 00:10) | 18 | 23:00 (22:43; 23:31) | 22 | 23:23 (22:38; 00:14) | 23 | 23:00 (22:30; 23:30) |
| 3 months | 12 | 23:27 (23:00; 23:50) | 18 | 23:27 (22:41; 00:08) | 22 | 23:28 (23:40; 23:53) | 23 | 23:00 (22:35; 23:50) |
| Baseline | 13 | 23:40 (22:59; 00:09) | 16 | 23:00 (22:40; 23:32) | 24 | 23:08 (22:30; 00:00) | 22 | 23:00 (22:33; 23:30) |
| 6 months | 13 | 23:10 (23:00; 00:00) | 16 | 23:20 (22:38; 00:09) | 24 | 23:00 (22:30; 23:53) | 22 | 23:00 (22:19; 23:34) |
| Time to sleep (hh:mm)b | ||||||||
| Baseline | 12 | 23:40 (22:34; 00:30) | 18 | 23:43 (23:13; 00:14) | 22 | 23:55 (23:18; 00:35) | 23 | 23:35 (22:50; 00:00) |
| 3 months | 12 | 23:47 (23:17; 00:10) | 18 | 23:59 (22:53; 00:45) | 22 | 00:00 (23:17; 00:30) | 23 | 23:40 (23:10; 00:13) |
| Baseline | 13 | 23:50 (22:57; 00:34) | 16 | 23:43 (23:10; 00:18) | 24 | 23:40 (23:20; 00:30) | 22 | 23:34 (22:50; 23:55) |
| 6 months | 13 | 00:00 (23:27; 00:18) | 16 | 23:45 (23:20; 00:35) | 24 | 23:40 (23:15; 00:26) | 22 | 23:33 (22:53; 00:15) |
| Wake-up time (hh:mm)b | ||||||||
| Baseline | 12 | 06:00 (05:45; 08:30) | 18 | 06:46 (06:00; 07:30) | 22 | 07:16 (06:05; 08:13) | 23 | 06:40 (06:10; 07:30) |
| 3 months | 12 | 06:18 (05:44; 07:30) | 18 | 06:45 (06:15; 08:10) | 22 | 07:00 (05:58; 08:00) | 23 | 06:30 (06:15; 07:40) |
| Baseline | 13 | 06:30 (05:45; 07:58) | 16 | 06:33 (05:55; 07:10) | 24 | 07:05 (06:00; 08:10) | 22 | 06:31 (06:05; 07:30) |
| 6 months | 13 | 06:45 (06:08; 07:55) | 16 | 06:30 (06:18; 07:30) | 24 | 06:53 (06:00; 07:30) | 22 | 06:22 (06:00; 07:00) |
| Questionnaires | ||||||||
| Sleep quality (PSQI total score)b | ||||||||
| Baseline | 14 | 4 (3; 7) | 18 | 5 (4; 7) | 30 | 5 (4; 7) | 24 | 6 (3; 7) |
| 3 months | 14 | 4 (3; 5) | 18 | 5 (4; 8) | 30 | 5 (3; 8) | 24 | 4 (3; 6) |
| Baseline | 16 | 4 (3; 8) | 18 | 5 (4; 7) | 28 | 5 (4; 7) | 23 | 6 (3; 7) |
| 6 months | 16 | 6 (3; 8) | 18 | 6 (4; 8) | 28 | 6 (3; 8) | 23 | 5 (3; 7) |
| Sleepiness (ESS total score)a | ||||||||
| Baseline | 14 | 7 (3) | 16 | 7 (4) | 28 | 9 (3) | 23 | 7 (4) |
| 3 months | 14 | 8 (4) | 16 | 8 (4) | 28 | 8 (4) | 23 | 8 (4) |
| Baseline | 15 | 7 (3) | 17 | 7 (4) | 27 | 8 (3) | 22 | 7 (4) |
| 6 months | 15 | 8 (3) | 17 | 6 (4) | 27 | 8 (4) | 22 | 7 (4) |
The raw data are shown as aunadjusted mean (standard deviation) and bmedian (interquartile range). Sleep duration variability and sleep midpoint variability were calculated as the sum of the absolute differences between the mean and each night of measurement divided by the number of nights measured. Sleep logs: the median of each assessment period for each participant was calculated and the data presented are the medians (interquartile ranges) of these observations. BIKE, active commuting group; CON, control group; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; MOD, moderate intensity exercise group; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; VIG, vigorous intensity exercise group.