Table 1.
Characteristics of participants by AHI quartiles.
| Events/h | Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | P for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AHI ≤ 7 | 7 < AHI ≤ 28 | 28 < AHI ≤ 57 | AHI > 57 | ||
| N | 1,053 | 1,031 | 1,017 | 1,051 | — |
| Age (years) | 37.0 (30.0, 47.0) | 42.0 (33.0, 53.0) | 44.0 (35.0, 55.0) | 40.0 (33.0, 49.0) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 638 (60.6%) | 812 (78.8%) | 896 (88.1%) | 959 (91.2%) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.8 (21.8, 25.9) | 25.7 (23.7, 27.7) | 26.6 (24.9, 28.7) | 28.6 (26.5, 31.0) | <0.001 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.90 (0.85, 0.94) | 0.94 (0.90, 0.97) | 0.95 (0.92, 0.99) | 0.97 (0.94, 1.00) | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 120 (111, 125) | 120 (114, 130) | 125 (118, 135) | 126 (120, 137) | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 78 (70, 85) | 80 (70, 85) | 80 (74, 87) | 80 (77, 90) | <0.001 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 91.7 (84.3, 95.0) | 93.3 (86.3, 99.3) | 94.3 (89.0, 102.3) | 96.7 (91.0, 104.7) | <0.001 |
| AHI (events/h) | 2.2 (0.8, 4.2) | 16.2 (11.0, 21.5) | 42.5 (34.8, 49.7) | 70.3 (63.7, 79.1) | <0.001 |
| Lp(a) (mg/dL) | 7.83 (4.10, 16.80) | 7.40 (3.90, 14.26) | 7.90 (4.18, 16.20) | 6.50 (3.46, 13.10) | <0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.03 (4.69, 5.33) | 5.16 (4.84, 5.55) | 5.31 (4.96, 5.79) | 5.48 (5.10, 6.10) | <0.001 |
| FSI (IU/mL) | 7.5 (5.2, 6.1) | 9.8 (6.6, 14.4) | 11.0 (7.4, 16.2) | 14.6 (10.1, 20.4) | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.63 (1.11, 2.48) | 2.27 (1.40, 3.38) | 2.62 (1.75, 4.10) | 3.63 (2.44, 5.35) | <0.001 |
| Insulin resistance (%) | 169 (16.0%) | 334 (32.4%) | 424 (41.7%) | 668 (63.6%) | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.35 (3.76, 4.95) | 4.60 (4.05, 5.22) | 4.77 (4.20, 5.34) | 4.85 (4.29, 5.48) | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.13 (0.76, 1.61) | 1.50 (1.05, 2.16) | 1.62 (1.15, 2.30) | 1.83 (1.34, 2.71) | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.66 (2.14, 3.20) | 2.92 (2.43, 3.42) | 3.00 (2.50, 3.51) | 3.12 (2.59, 3.68) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.10 (0.96, 1.30) | 1.04 (0.91, 1.20) | 1.02 (0.90, 1.17) | 1.00 (0.87, 1.13) | <0.001 |
| ApoA-I (g/L) | 1.10 (0.97, 1.24) | 1.06 (0.95, 1.21) | 1.07 (0.96, 1.20) | 1.06 (0.96, 1.19) | <0.001 |
| ApoB (g/L) | 0.74 (0.63, 0.86) | 0.81 (0.71, 0.94) | 0.84 (0.74, 0.96) | 0.87 (0.76, 0.99) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker (%) | 135 (12.8%) | 203 (19.7%) | 237 (23.3%) | 239 (22.7%) | <0.001 |
| Current drinker (%) | 106 (10.1%) | 127 (12.3%) | 153 (15.0%) | 166 (15.8%) | <0.001 |
BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MAP: mean arterial pressure; AHI: apnea-hypopnea index; FBG: fast blood glucose; FSI: fast serum insulin; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; TC: total cholesterol; TG: total triglyceride; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Insulin resistance: HOMA-IR > 3.0.