Table 4.
Characteristics of participants by Lp(a) quartiles.
| mg/dL | Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | P for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lp(a) ≤ 3.90 | 3.90 < Lp(a) ≤ 7.40 | 7.41 < Lp(a) ≤ 15.10 | Lp(a) > 15.10 | ||
| N | 1,026 | 1,062 | 1,032 | 1,032 | — |
| Age (years) | 39.0 (32.0, 49.0) | 40.0 (33.0, 51.0) | 42.0 (33.0, 53.0) | 42.0 (34.0, 53.0) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 842 (82.1%) | 854 (80.4%) | 819 (79.4%) | 790 (76.6%) | 0.002 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.5 (24.1, 29.4) | 26.4 (23.9, 29.1) | 26.2 (24.0, 28.4) | 25.7 (23.8, 28.4) | <0.001 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.95 (0.90, 0.98) | 0.94 (0.90, 0.98) | 0.94 (0.90, 0.98) | 0.94 (0.90, 0.98) | 0.045 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 123 (117, 134) | 120 (115, 130) | 122 (116, 132) | 120 (115, 131) | 0.061 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 80 (73, 86) | 80 (72, 85) | 80 (73, 86) | 80 (71, 85) | 0.043 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 93.3 (88.0, 101.7) | 93.3 (87.7, 99.8) | 93.3 (88.0, 101.3) | 93.3 (86.7, 100.0) | 0.041 |
| AHI (events/h) | 31.3 (8.4, 62.2) | 28.4 (7.3, 58.6) | 26.6 (7.3, 55.9) | 26.3 (5.9, 53.1) | <0.001 |
| Lp(a) (mg/dL) | 2.50 (1.70, 3.20) | 5.50 (4.60, 6.40) | 10.40 (8.80, 12.40) | 25.10 (19.50, 36.78) | <0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 5.28 (4.90, 5.73) | 5.24 (4.90, 5.72) | 5.22 (4.88, 5.68) | 5.18 (4.87, 5.62) | <0.001 |
| FSI (IU/mL) | 11.2 (7.4, 17.2) | 10.7 (7.0, 16.1) | 10.0 (6.7, 15.3) | 9.7 (6.6, 14.6) | <0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.74 (1.65, 4.25) | 2.53 (1.58, 3.91) | 2.34 (1.50, 3.80) | 2.22 (1.49, 3.50) | <0.001 |
| Insulin resistance (%) | 456 (44.4%) | 427 (40.2%) | 371 (35.9%) | 341 (33.0%) | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.54 (3.98, 5.18) | 4.57 (4.00, 5.22) | 4.66 (4.08, 5.29) | 4.79 (4.22, 5.34) | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.68 (1.09, 2.48) | 1.57 (1.05, 2.29) | 1.45 (1.04, 2.00) | 1.41 (1.01, 2.01) | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.79 (2.27, 3.35) | 2.88 (2.36, 3.40) | 2.97 (2.47, 3.51) | 3.06 (2.59, 3.56) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.03 (0.89, 1.18) | 1.02 (0.90, 1.18) | 1.04 (0.91, 1.20) | 1.06 (0.93, 1.23) | 0.002 |
| ApoA-I (g/L) | 1.07 (0.95, 1.21) | 1.07 (0.96, 1.20) | 1.07 (0.96, 1.21) | 1.09 (0.97, 1.23) | 0.415 |
| ApoB (g/L) | 0.79 (0.68, 0.93) | 0.81 ± 0.18 | 0.83 (0.72, 0.95) | 0.85 (0.75, 0.98) | <0.001 |
| Current smoking (%) | 205 (20.2%) | 205 (19.3%) | 228 (22.1%) | 176 (17.1%) | 0.280 |
| Current drinking (%) | 129 (12.6%) | 147 (13.8%) | 148 (14.3%) | 128 (12.4%) | 0.993 |
BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MAP: mean arterial pressure; AHI: apnea-hypopnea index; FBG: fast blood glucose; FSI: fast serum insulin; HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; TC: total cholesterol; TG: total triglyceride; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Insulin resistance: HOMA-IR > 3.0.