TABLE 2.
Two- And 4-month outcomes for psychosocial variables
| Study Entry |
2 months (Intervention Completion] |
4 months (2 months Post-Intervention) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ESWC M (SD) | CARE M (SD) | ESWC M (SD) | CARE M (SD) | P | Effect da (Cl) | ESWC M (SD) | CARE M (SD) | P | Effect d (Cl) | |
| HADS total | 11.62 (5.79) | 11.13 (5.80) | 12.07 (6.22) | 9.36 (5.51) | 0.02 | 0.46 (−0.07 to 0.99) | 12.33 (6.35) | 9.95 (5.08) | 0.09 | 0.42 (−0.16 to 0.99) |
| HADS-D | 6.00 (4.23) | 5.21 (3.34) | 6.58 (4.17) | 4.37 (3.39) | 0.01 | 0.58 (0.04 to 1.12) | 6.00 (3.80) | 5.06 (2.91) | 0.20 | 0.28 (−0.30 to 0.85) |
| HADS-A | 5.62 (3.13) | 5.91 (3.63) | 5.48 (3.34) | 5.00 (3.19) | 0.44 | 0.15 (−0.38 to 0.68) | 6.32 (3.99) | 4.92 (2.90) | 0.10 | 0.41 (−0.17 to 0.98) |
| Demoralization total | 26.51 (15.36) | 23.84 (14.98) | 25.64 (14.97) | 23.17 (15.33) | 0.32 | 0.16 (−0.37 to 0.69) | 24.96 (14.15) | 22.13 (14.94) | 0.29 | 0.19 (−0.38 to 0.77) |
| Dysphoria | 6.14 (4.13) | 6.41 (3.60) | 6.32 (3.91) | 6.59 (3.86) | 0.67 | −0.07 (−0.64 to 0.50) | 5.78 (3.07) | 6.55 (3.84) | 0.26 | −0.22 (−0.79 to 0.35) |
| Disheartenment | 8.24 (5.26) | 7.91 (4.91) | 8.54 (5.45) | 7.08 (4.88) | 0.12 | 0.28 (−0.25 to 0.08) | 8.25 (4.56) | 6.67 (4.93) | 0.09 | 0.33 (−0.25 to 0.91) |
| Helplessness | 3.86 (4.08) | 3.34 (2.99) | 3.53 (3.43) | 3.10 (3.24) | 0.56 | 0.13 (−0.40 to 0.66) | 3.20 (2.87) | 2.75 (2.75) | 0.51 | 0.16 (−0.41 to 0.73) |
| Sense of failure | 4.31 (3.14) | 3.56 (2.38) | 4.29 (3.70) | 3.47 (2.48) | 0.19 | 0.26 (−0.27 to 0.79) | 4.17 (3.66) | 3.45 (2.81) | 0.26 | 0.22 (−0.35 to 0.80) |
| Loss of meaning | 3.97 (4.31) | 2.62 (3.38) | 3.11 (4.31) | 2.86 (3.25) | 0.75 | 0.07 (−0.46 to 0.59) | 3.52 (3.49) | 2.74 (3.06) | 0.22 | 0.24 (−0.34 to 0.81) |
| COPE-active | 13.00 (2.35) | 13.34 (2.44) | 13.94 (1.96) | 13.34 (2.33) | 0.26 | −0.28 (−0.25 to 0.81) | 14.30 (2.07) | 13.29 (2.53) | 0.10 | −0.43 (−0.15 to 1.01) |
| COPE-behavioral disengagement | 7.07 (3.44) | 6.22 (2.52) | 6.89 (3.00) | 6.46 (2.43) | 0.47 | −0.16 (−0.37 to 0.69) | 6.01 (2.85) | 6.62 (1.76) | 0.30 | −0.26 (−0.31 to 0.84) |
| COPE-planning | 13.52 (2.91) | 13.16 (2.94) | 14.46 (2.16) | 13.71 (2.84) | 0.18 | 0.30 (−0.83 to 0.24) | 14.27 (2.18) | 14.36 (2.75) | 0.88 | 0.04 (−0.61 to 0.54) |
| FACIT-total | 31.92 (10.06) | 30.78 (10.00) | 30.40 (10.53) | 32.70 (10.54) | 0.24 | 0.22 (−0.75 to 0.31) | 30.73 (10.30) | 33.38 (8.96) | 0.17 | 0.28 (−0.85 to 0.30) |
| FACIT-meaning | 23.31 (6.90) | 22.91 (6.28) | 22.30 (7.22) | 23.82 (6.78) | 0.27 | 0.22 (−0.75 to 0.31) | 22.00 (6.75) | 24.97 (5.78) | 0.04 | 0.48 (−1.06 to 0.11) |
| FACIT-faith | 8.62 (5.56) | 7.88 (4.82) | 8.10 (5.34) | 8.94 (5.12) | 0.33 | 0.16 (−0.69 to 0.37) | 8.70 (5.58) | 8.50 (4.83) | 0.81 | −0.04 (−0.53 to 0.61) |
| UCLA loneliness | 14.93 (6.13) | 16.06 (5.19) | 15.90 (5.94) | 14.91 (4.53) | 0.21 | 0.19 (−0.34 to 0.72) | 15.88 (5.98) | 14.93 (4.89) | 0.31 | 0.18 (−0.40 to 0.75) |
Notes. Means presented in Table 2 for the 2- and 4-month assessments are estimated marginal means (generated by ANCOVA, reflecting adjustment for scores at study entry).
a
Positive effect sizes indicate that the CARE group demonstrated improvements trending towards greater magnitude than those in ESWC; negative effect sizes indicate that ESWC participants demonstrated improvements trending towards greater magnitude than those in ESWC.