MCI on the DPR. (a) Left mandibular segment of a patient classified as C1, showing no changes in cortical mandibular morphology; (b) a patient classified as C2, presenting few porosities in the most superficial layer of the mandibular cortical bone; and (c) a patient classified as C3, with larger and more numerous porosities. DPR, digital panoramic radiography; MCI, mandibular cortical index.