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. 2019 Mar 31;52(3):220–225. doi: 10.5483/BMBRep.2019.52.3.012

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

High passage hAD-SCs undergo cellular senescence and changes in sphingolipid profile. (A) BrdU incorporation assay showing the reduced proliferative capacity of late-passage cells relative to early-passage cells. Error bars indicate the standard error (SE). Asterisks above the bars denote ***P < 0.001 compared to early-passage cells. (B) Late-passage hAD-SCs display higher activity of senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) than early-passage cells. (C) Quantification of activities of SA-β-gal in early- and late-passage hAD-SCs. For this, the number of SA-β-gal positive cells per field was counted. ***P < 0.001. (D) Cellular levels of senescence markers, phospho-p53 and p21 are increased in late-passage cells, compared to those in early-passage cells, as analyzed by Western blotting. β-Actin serves as a loading control. (E) Elevation of levels of sphingolipid species in senescent late-passage hAD-SCs. Cer, ceramide; SM, sphingomyelin; SA, sphinganine; SO, sphingosine. *P < 0.05.