Fig. 4.

Triclocarban (10 and 100 μM) induced caspase-3 activity (a) and LDH release (b) in neocortical cell cultures, and selective AHR and CAR antagonists reduced these effects. The primary neocortical cultures were treated with triclocarban (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM) for 6 h. The AHR antagonists α-naphthoflavone and CH223191 and the CAR antagonist CINPA (all 1 μM) were added into the culture media approximately 45–60 min before triclocarban was added. The results are presented as a percentage of the control. Each bar represents the mean ± SEM. The number of replicates in each experiment ranged from 6 to 8. ***p < 0.001 versus the control cultures; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, and ^###p < 0.001 versus the cultures exposed to triclocarban