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. 2019 Apr 16;10:436. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00436

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Copyright © 2019 Parry, Mobley, Mumford, Romero, Haun, Zhang, Roberson, Zempleni, Ferrando, Vechetti, McCarthy, Young, Roberts and Kavazis.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Markers of anabolism between treatments. These data show gastrocnemius muscle fiber cross-sectional area (fCSA) (A), myonuclear number (MN#) (B), total RNA indicative of ribosomal density (D), puromycin-labeled peptides indicative of relative muscle protein synthesis (MPS) levels (E), and proteasome activity (G). (C) contains a 10x representative objective from each group, and (F) contains a representative puromycin Western blot. Group mean ± parenthesized standard deviation values are presented, and individual values are also presented. ERS, EVs and RNA-sufficient; ERD, EVs and RNA-depleted.