Table 3.

Causes of hypertension.

Causes of hypertension (Whelton et al., 2017)
Genetic predisposition	Environmental risk factors	Diseases
✓ Monogenic forms of hypertension:	✓ Overweight and obesity	✓ Renal parenchymal disease
– Glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism,	✓ Increased sodium intake	✓ Renovascular disease
– Liddle’s syndrome,	✓ Insufficient intake of potassium, calcium, magnesium, protein (especially from vegetables), fiber, and fish fats	✓ Primary aldosteronism
– Gordon’s syndrome,	✓ Poor diet	✓ Obstructive sleep apnea
✓ Polygenic disorders	✓ Lack or small physical activity	✓ Drug or alcohol induced pheochromocytoma/ paraganglioma
	✓ Alcohol consumption	✓ Cushing’s syndrome
		✓ Hypothyroidism
		✓ Hyperthyroidism
		✓ Aortic coarctation (undiagnosed or repaired)
		✓ Primary hyperparathyroidism
		✓ Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
		✓ Mineralocorticoid excess syndromes other than primary aldosteronism
		✓ Acromegaly