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. 2019 Apr 16;10:309. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00309

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Copyright © 2019 Watson, Gould, Penfold, Lambert, Pratama, Dai, Gray, Head and Jandeleit-Dahm.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Measures of renal cortical oxidant and anti-oxidant systems. Assessment of frozen sections for superoxide by dihydroethidium (DHE; a–e) found significantly greater fluorescence intensity in diabetic animals relative to non-diabetic control hypertensive mice (e). Assessment of renal cortical cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions for hydrogen peroxide production (f,g) found hypertensive animals had significantly greater mitochondrial levels irrespective of diabetic status. Catalase activity (h,i) was significantly greater in the cortical mitochondrial and cytosolic fraction of diabetic normotensive animals as compared to non-diabetic normotensive mice. The cytosolic fraction of diabetic hypertensive mice had significantly less catalase activity than diabetic normotensive mice. DHE n = 5–6/group except control normotensive n = 3; Hydrogen peroxide production and catalase activity n = 6-8/group. Normot. Cont- non-diabetic control; Diab., diabetic; Normot., normotensive BPN/3J mice; Hypert., hypertensive BPH/2J mice. 2-way ANOVA p-values: I, interaction; D, relative to diabetic status; S, relative to strain. t-test p < 0.05: ^∗ vs. Cont. Normot.; † vs. Cont. Hypert.; ‡ vs. Diab. Normot.; DHE Cont. Hypert. vs. Diab. Hypert. p = 0.07. Scale bar: 100 μm.