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. 2019 Mar 13;11(1):19–27. doi: 10.15171/jcvtr.2019.04

Table 3. Characteristics and dietary intakes of study participants by quartile categories of dietary pattern scores .

Western dietary pattern Semi healthy dietary pattern Healthy fat dietary pattern
1 2 3 4 P 1 2 3 4 P 1 2 3 4 P
N 350 352 353 352 353 353 347 355 355 352 353 348 -
Age (y) 43±15a 37±13b,c 33.5±12c 30.8±11.7 0.0011 37±14 36±14 36±13 36±14 0.571 35±13 39±14 36±13 37±14 0.121
Female 29 27 23 21 0.001 23.9 24 24.5 28 0.07 26.5 24 24 25 0.50
BMI (Kg/m2) 27±4b,c 26±4.9c 25±5 24.9±4.8 0.0011 25.5±5 25±5 26±5 26±5 0.392 25±5 25±5 26±5 26±5 0.092
Physical activity 790±463b,c 843±483 905.5±510 901.3±499 0.0061 885±535 835±479 891±487 827±459 0.251 828±495 879±500 887±487 845±487 0.171
Ever smoker % 22 20 26 32.6 0.02 25 30 27 19 0.08 25 27 25 23 0.87
Family history of stroke % 1 34 22 28 15 0.06 25 31 19 26 0.43 12 22 28 38 0.006
Dietary intakes
Total energy, kcal/d 1832.5±670b,c 1907±721b,c 2073±735 2198.3±718.2 0.0011 1839.9±674b,c 1965.3±713 2087±726 2119±753.5 0.0011 2151±730a 1990±728 1936±721 1933±701 0.0011
Protein, % total energy 13±3 13±3 13±3 13±3 0.161 13±3 13±3 13±3 13±3 0.621 12.5±3a 13±3 13.5±3 14±3 0.0012
Carbohydrate, % total energy 62±11b,c 61±11c,d 59±12 59±10 0.0012 63±11a 60.5±11.5 59.5±10.5 58±10 0.0012 61±10 60±11 61±11 59±11 0.072
Fat, % total energy 27±9.5b,c 28±9c,d 30±10 30.1±8.8 0.0011 26.5±9b,c 28±9c 29±9 30.5±9 0.0012 29±9 28±9 28±9.5 29±10 0.252
Cholesterol, mg/d 251±206b,c 272±202b,c 318.5±209.5 320.7±201.2 0.0011 252±194b,c 281.6±202c 300±204 329±219 0.0011 307±189d 280.5±210 291±202 285±225 0.351
Dietary fiber, g/d 16±11c 15±9c 17±8 17.8±7.5 0.0091 15.5±7b,c 17±11 17±8 18±8 0.0051 17±7 17±8 16±8 17±11 0.311

1 indicates: P value obtains from Kruskal Wallis test.

2 indicates: P value obtains from ANOVA.

Values are presented as mean ±SD or percentage. Letters indicate difference within a pattern: a vs. other quartiles P<0.05, b vs quartile 3 P<0.05, c vs quartile 4 P<0.05, d vs quartile 2 P<0.05. Analysis of variance for quantitative variables and chi-square test for qualitative variable.