Table 3.
Summary of five randomized controlled trials of prophylactic antibiotics on the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis
| Ref. | Yr | GA | BW | N | Study |
NEC ≥ stage II, % |
Mortality, % |
LOS, (%) |
||||||
| Study | Control | P < 0.05 | Study | Control | P < 0.05 | Study | Control | P < 0.05 | ||||||
| Tagare et al[47] | 2010 | < 37 | - | 140 | Amoxicillin clavulanic acid and amikacin | 13.0 | 4.2 | Yes | 2.9 | 2.8 | No | 1.4 | 14.1 | Yes |
| Kenyon et al[48] | 2002 | < 37 | - | 4809 | Co-amoxiclav | 1.6 | 0.3 | Yes | 5.7 | 6.2 | No | 6.2 | 7.9 | No |
| Oei et al[49] | 2001 | ≤ 32 | - | 43 | Erythromycin | 4.5 | 4.8 | No | 4.5 | 4.8 | No | - | - | - |
| Siu et al[50] | 1998 | - | < 1500 | 140 | Vancomycin | 12.7 | 27.5 | Yes | 15.5 | 18.8 | No | - | - | - |
| Owen et al[51] | 1993 | 24-33 | - | 117 | Ampicillin | 14 | 3.5 | Yes | 6.8 | 12 | No | 3.4 | 10 | No |
BW: Birth weight; LOS: Late onset sepsis; NEC: Necrotizing enterocolitis.