Mythen 1995.

Methods	RCT Single centre
Participants	60 patients 2 groups Elective surgery Cardiac surgery
Interventions	Intraoperative Fluids Oesophageal Doppler Goals = SV
Outcomes	Hospital mortality HLOS ICULOS (cost reported separately) Knaus organ failure criteria, chest infection, pleural effusion, disorientation, respiratory failure, nausea and vomiting, cerebrovascular accident, paralytic ileus, pericardial effusion.
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	"Patients were randomized according to the contents of a sealed envelope to either a control group or a protocol group"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	See quote above
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not detailed
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not detailed
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No missing outcome data
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All anticipated outcomes are reported
Other bias	Unclear risk	The study was funded by a pharmaceutical company