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. 2019 Apr 23;26:28. doi: 10.1186/s12929-019-0520-2

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Schematic presentation of DNA methylation by E6 and E7 oncoproteins: Binding of E6-E6AP complex to p53 to leads to ubiquitination and degradation of p53 and induces overexpression and activity of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 1. Binding of E7 to pRb causes the release of E2F, favoring the overexpression of DNMT1. The activities of E6 and E7 causing increase in activity of DNMT1 results in hypermethylation of tumor-suppressor gene promoters, leading to silencing of genes, cellular transformation and tumorigenesis