Table 1.
Bacteria occurring in honey bee guts and in the hive environment.
| Taxa | Phylum | Primary location | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubiquitous gut-restricted taxa | |||
| Lactobacillus sp. Firm-5 | Firmicutes | Hindgut (ileum, rectum) | 61,132 |
| L. apis | |||
| L. helsingborgensis | |||
| L. kimbladii | |||
| L. kullabergensis | |||
| L. melliventris | |||
| Lactobacillus sp. Firm-4 | Firmicutes | Hindgut (rectum) | 61 |
| L. mellifer | |||
| L. mellis | |||
| Bifidobacterium sp. | Actinobacteria | Hindgut (rectum) | 133-135 |
| B. asteroides | |||
| B. coryneforme | |||
| B. indicum | |||
| Snodgrassella alvi | Proteobacteria | Hindgut (ileum wall) | 136 |
| Gilliamella apicola | Proteobacteria | Hindgut (ileum lumen) | 136 |
| Frischella perrara | Proteobacteria | Hindgut (pylorus, ileum) | 137 |
| Bartonella apis | Proteobacteria | Hindgut, variably present | 138 |
| Commensalibacter sp. | Proteobacteria | Hindgut, variably present | 14,139 |
| Other common taxa | |||
| Apibacter adventoris | Bacteroidetes | Adult gut | 103,140 |
| Parasaccharibacter apium | Proteobacteria | Larval gut, adult crop, queen gut, hive | 57,141 |
| Lactobacillus kunkeeii | Firmicutes | Larval and adult gut, hive, nectar | 142 |
| Fructobacillus fructosus | Firmicutes | Larval and adult gut, hive | 143 |
| Saccharibacter spp. | Proteobacteria | Bee stomach, honey, pollen | 144 |
| Opportunistic pathogens | |||
| Serratia marcescens | Proteobacteria | Adult gut | 12,145 |
| Hafnia alvei | Proteobacteria | Adult gut | 146 |