9. Participation in decision making.

Study	Scale used	Timing	N decisionaid	Decision aid ‐ mean	N comparison	Comparison ‐ mean	Notes
Allen 2010	Control preferences ‐ patients choosing active/collaborative decision making	Postintervention	291	95%	334	92%	No difference
	Control preferences did not change	Postintervention	291	92%	334	87%	No difference
	Control preferences changed to passive	Postintervention	291	3%	334	5%	No difference
	Control preferences changed to active/ collaborative	Postintervention	291	3%	334	7%	No difference
Hamann 2006	COMRADE used to measure patients' perceived involvement in decisions	Postconsultation	49	79.5 (SD 18.6) 76.8 (SD 20.9)	58	69.7 (SD 20.0) 73.5 (SD 19.3)	Increased patient involvement in decision aid group postintervention compared to usual care at baseline. At discharge there was no difference between groups.
Hanson 2011	Surrogates feeling somewhat or very involved in decision making	Postintervention	—	83%	—	77%	P = 0.18
Leighl 2011	Achieved decision involvement	Postintervention	—	32%	—	35%	No difference
Loh 2007 (in consult)	Patients' perceived involvement in decision making	Postconsultation	191	26.3 pre 28.0 post	96	24.5 pre 25.5 post	Improved patient participation from baseline to post exposure to the decision aid (P = 0.010) and in comparison to the usual care group (P = 0.003) but there was no change in the control group for the pre‐post comparison
Rubel 2010	Adapted from the Control Preferences Scale	Postintervention	—	—	—	—	The total mean scores were: 2.74 (SD 1.25) (N = 99) pre and 2.83 (SD 1.16) (N = 199) post, no statistically significant difference
Sheridan 2011	Patient participation: 'Any'	Immediately post	79	79%	78	51%	Absolute difference 28% (95% CI 9 to 45; P = 0.01)
	'None'	Immediately post	79	21%	78	49%	Absolute difference −28% (95% CI −45 to −9)
Van Peperstraten 2010	Decision Evaluation scale (15 item questionnaire) Decision control subscale	Postconsultation	124	85	128	87.5	P = 0.33

DA: decision aid; SD: standard deviation.