Evans 2010.
Methods | Randomized to online decision aid vs paper decision aid vs questionnaire vs usual care | |
Participants | 129 + 126 + 127 + 132 men considering PSA screening in Wales | |
Interventions | DA: online programme on options' outcomes, clinical problem, outcome probabilities, explicit values clarification, others' opinion, guidance (interactive computer programme; summary) Comparator: paper version of online DA on options' outcomes, clinical problem, outcome probabilities, explicit values clarification, others' opinion, guidance (interactive computer programme; summary) Comparator: received a questionnaire Comparator: received nothing |
|
Outcomes | Primary outcomes: knowledge (post‐DA) Secondary outcomes: attitude (post‐DA), intention to undergo PSA testing (post‐DA), anxiety (post‐DA), uptake of PSA test (post‐DA), total decisional conflict |
|
Notes | — | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | "[A] random sample of 100 men was selected from the list." "The process ensured individual level randomization" (p 4, Recruitment process) |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Low risk | "[A]ffirmative consent forms from each practice were transferred to the research officer who allocated each participant with a number provided remotely by the trial statistician to ensure concealment" (p 4, Recruitment process) |
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | The study does not address this outcome |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Unclear blinding but outcomes were objectively measured and not subjective to interpretation |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | See flow diagram indicating high attrition consistently across groups |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | Registered as a trial |
Other bias | Low risk | The study appears free of other sources of bias |