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. 2017 Apr 21;2017(4):CD000398. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000398.pub2

Comparison 1. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) compared with no GTN for acute stroke.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 Death or dependency (mRS>2), end of trial 5 4195 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.86, 1.10]
1.1 Overall 5 4195 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.86, 1.10]
2 Death or dependency (mRS>2), end of trial, by stroke type 5 4143 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.00 [0.81, 1.23]
2.1 Ischaemic 5 3502 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.62, 1.53]
2.2 Intracerebral haemorrhage 4 641 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.20 [0.45, 3.21]
3 Death or dependency (mRS>2), end of trial, by time to randomisation 5 4194 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.86, 1.10]
3.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.65 [0.41, 1.02]
3.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.21 [0.83, 1.77]
3.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1070 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.76, 1.24]
3.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1218 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.05 [0.83, 1.33]
3.5 > 36 hours 4 1154 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.91 [0.72, 1.16]
4 Death or dependency (mRS>2), end of trial, by baseline SBP 5 4193 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.85, 1.10]
4.1 < 160 mmHg 5 1706 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.00 [0.82, 1.21]
4.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 5 1480 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.78 [0.23, 2.60]
4.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 5 747 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.70, 1.28]
4.4 > 200 mmHg 3 260 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.89 [0.53, 1.48]
5 Death or dependency (mean mRS), end of trial 5 4195 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.08 [‐0.52, 0.36]
5.1 Overall 5 4195 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.08 [‐0.52, 0.36]
6 Death or dependency (mean mRS), end of trial, by stroke type 5 4143 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.05 [‐0.31, 0.21]
6.1 Ischaemic 5 3502 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.13 [‐0.62, 0.35]
6.2 ICH 4 641 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.02 [‐0.24, 0.28]
7 Death or dependency (mean mRS), end of trial, by time to randomisation 5 4194 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.08 [‐0.27, 0.11]
7.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.79 [‐1.35, ‐0.23]
7.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.19 [‐0.15, 0.53]
7.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1070 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.03 [‐0.24, 0.18]
7.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1218 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.06 [‐0.13, 0.25]
7.5 > 36 hours 4 1154 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.35, 0.28]
8 Death or dependency (mean mRS), end of trial, by baseline SBP 5 4193 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.26, 0.17]
8.1 <160 mmHg 5 1706 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.01 [‐0.16, 0.17]
8.2 160.1‐180 mmHg 5 1480 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.38 [‐1.42, 0.66]
8.3 180.1‐200 mmHg 5 747 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.04 [‐0.20, 0.28]
8.4 >200 mmHg 3 260 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.26 [‐0.70, 0.17]
9 Death, end of treatment 5 4197 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.09 [0.76, 1.56]
9.1 Overall 5 4197 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.09 [0.76, 1.56]
10 Death, end of treatment, by stroke type 5 4143 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.04 [0.73, 1.49]
10.1 Ischaemic 5 3502 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.02 [0.69, 1.51]
10.2 ICH 4 641 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.16 [0.50, 2.69]
11 Death, end of treatment, by time to randomisation 5 4195 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.07 [0.74, 1.54]
11.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.82 [0.28, 2.43]
11.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.69 [0.49, 5.87]
11.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1070 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.84 [0.46, 1.54]
11.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1218 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.90 [0.90, 4.00]
11.5 > 36 hours 4 1155 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.80 [0.35, 1.80]
12 Death, end of treatment, by baseline SBP 5 4196 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.09 [0.76, 1.56]
12.1 < 160 mmHg 5 1706 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.46 [0.83, 2.56]
12.2 160.1‐180 mmHg 5 1480 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.85 [0.47, 1.54]
12.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 5 748 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.67 [0.28, 1.65]
12.4 > 200 mmHg 4 262 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.13 [0.60, 7.61]
13 Death, end of trial 5 4197 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.78 [0.40, 1.50]
13.1 Overall 5 4197 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.78 [0.40, 1.50]
14 Death, end of trial, by stroke type 5 4143 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.86 [0.72, 1.04]
14.1 Ischaemic 5 3502 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.85 [0.69, 1.05]
14.2 ICH 4 641 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.08 [0.22, 5.21]
15 Death, end of trial, by time to randomisation 5 4195 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.81 [0.58, 1.14]
15.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.30 [0.15, 0.60]
15.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.34 [0.79, 2.25]
15.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1070 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.52 [0.20, 11.53]
15.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1218 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.98 [0.69, 1.37]
15.5 > 36 hours 4 1155 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.81 [0.27, 2.44]
16 Death, end of trial, by baseline SBP 5 4196 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.87 [0.72, 1.05]
16.1 < 160 mmHg 5 1706 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.71, 1.27]
16.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 5 1480 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.79 [0.44, 1.41]
16.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 5 748 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.85 [0.54, 1.33]
16.4 > 200 mmHg 4 262 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.78 [0.40, 1.50]
17 Neurological deterioration, end of treatment 4 4158 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.24 [0.97, 1.60]
17.1 Overall 4 4158 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.24 [0.97, 1.60]
18 Neurological deterioration, end of treatment, by stroke type 4 4106 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.17 [0.74, 1.86]
18.1 Ischaemic 4 3469 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.58 [0.09, 3.75]
18.2 ICH 3 637 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.46 [0.83, 2.57]
19 Neurological deterioration, end of treatment, by time to randomisation 4 4159 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.18 [0.81, 1.72]
19.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.57 [0.28, 1.16]
19.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.11 [0.93, 4.78]
19.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1070 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.18 [0.74, 1.88]
19.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1218 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.00 [1.19, 3.35]
19.5 > 36 hours 3 1119 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.93 [0.55, 1.59]
20 Neurological deterioration, end of treatment, by baseline SBP 4 4159 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.22 [0.88, 1.68]
20.1 Baseline SBP < 160 4 1688 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.62 [1.05, 2.50]
20.2 Baseline SBP 160.1 to 180 4 1468 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.88 [0.58, 1.35]
20.3 Baseline SBP 180.1 to 200 4 743 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.81 [1.05, 3.12]
20.4 Baseline SBP > 200 3 260 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.63 [0.25, 1.57]
21 NIH Stroke Scale, end of treatment 4 4137 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.28 [‐0.70, 0.14]
21.1 Overall 4 4137 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.28 [‐0.70, 0.14]
22 NIH Stroke Scale, end of treatment, by stroke type 4 4085 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.19 [‐1.19, 0.81]
22.1 Ischaemic 4 3452 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.47 [‐2.39, 1.45]
22.2 ICH 3 633 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.12 [‐0.94, 1.18]
23 NIH Stroke Scale, end of treatment, by time to randomisation 4 4136 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.32 [‐0.88, 0.25]
23.1 < 6 hours 2 309 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐2.07 [‐3.81, ‐0.34]
23.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.17 [‐0.14, 2.48]
23.3 12.1‐24 hours 2 1062 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.26 [‐1.13, 0.61]
23.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1213 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.07 [‐0.81, 0.68]
23.5 > 36 hours 3 1112 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.72 [‐1.50, 0.05]
24 NIH Stroke Scale, end of treatment, by baseline SBP 4 4135 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.16 [‐0.65, 0.33]
24.1 < 160 mmHg 4 1681 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.15 [‐1.04, 0.75]
24.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 4 1454 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.47 [‐2.32, 1.38]
24.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 4 741 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐1.05, 0.83]
24.4 > 200 mmHg 3 259 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.29 [‐1.46, 2.04]
25 Barthel Index, end of trial 5 4153 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.09 [‐5.39, 5.20]
25.1 Overall 5 4153 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.09 [‐5.39, 5.20]
26 Barthel Index, end of trial, by stroke type 5 4100 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.57 [‐3.72, 4.87]
26.1 Ischaemic 5 3466 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.60 [‐5.27, 6.47]
26.2 ICH 4 634 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.92 [‐5.19, 7.03]
27 Barthel Index, end of trial, by time to randomisation 5 4152 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.81 [‐1.62, 5.25]
27.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 14.57 [5.95, 23.19]
27.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 434 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐3.47 [‐11.00, 4.06]
27.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1057 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.49 [‐3.21, 6.19]
27.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1205 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.59 [‐3.81, 4.98]
27.5 > 36 hours 4 1144 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.50 [‐4.88, 5.89]
28 Barthel Index, end of trial, by baseline SBP 5 4150 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.66 [‐3.00, 4.32]
28.1 < 160 mmHg 5 1687 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.47 [‐2.89, 3.83]
28.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 5 1464 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 4.30 [‐8.25, 16.85]
28.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 5 741 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.28 [‐5.36, 5.91]
28.4 > 200 mmHg 3 258 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 7.74 [‐2.49, 17.97]
29 Mood (Zung), end of trial 3 3312 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.83 [‐4.44, 2.79]
29.1 Overall 3 3312 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.83 [‐4.44, 2.79]
30 Mood (Zung), end of trial, by stroke type 3 3269 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.54 [‐2.20, 1.12]
30.1 Ischaemic 3 2745 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.04 [‐7.81, 5.72]
30.2 ICH 3 524 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.51 [‐3.67, 4.69]
31 Mood (Zung), end of trial, by time to randomisation 3 3311 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.24 [‐4.38, 1.91]
31.1 < 6 hours 2 268 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐11.12 [‐17.35, ‐4.90]
31.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 372 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 2.55 [‐2.58, 7.68]
31.3 12.1 to 24 hours 1 834 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.98 [‐2.34, 4.30]
31.4 24.1 to 36 hours 2 989 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.42 [‐2.58, 3.42]
31.5 > 36 hours 2 848 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.54 [‐4.66, 1.57]
32 Mood (Zung), end of trial, by baseline SBP 3 3312 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.41 [‐2.06, 1.24]
32.1 < 160 mmHg 3 1344 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.19 [‐9.36, 11.75]
32.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 3 1179 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.33 [‐3.09, 2.43]
32.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 3 582 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.19 [‐4.07, 3.69]
32.4 > 200 mmHg 2 207 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐4.32 [‐11.37, 2.74]
33 EQ5D‐3L, end of trial 4 4088 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.17, 0.15]
33.1 Overall 4 4088 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.17, 0.15]
34 EQ5D‐3L, end of trial, by stroke type 4 4084 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.01 [‐0.08, 0.09]
34.1 Ischaemic 4 3457 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.01 [‐0.17, 0.18]
34.2 ICH 2 627 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.02 [‐0.08, 0.04]
35 EQ5D‐3L, end of trial, by time to randomisation 4 4087 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.01 [‐0.04, 0.06]
35.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.11 [0.02, 0.20]
35.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 435 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.12, 0.04]
35.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1052 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.06, 0.04]
35.4 24.1 to 36 hours 2 1196 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.01 [‐0.04, 0.06]
35.5 > 36 hours 3 1092 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐0.33, 0.13]
36 EQ5D‐3L, end of trial, by baseline SBP 4 4086 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.02 [‐0.05, 0.08]
36.1 < 160 mmHg 4 1664 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.34, 0.10]
36.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 4 1438 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.22 [‐0.08, 0.51]
36.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 3 726 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.01 [‐0.07, 0.05]
36.4 > 200 mmHg 3 258 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.08 [‐0.01, 0.18]
37 EQ VAS, end of trial 4 3575 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.12 [‐0.91, 3.15]
37.1 Overall 4 3575 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.12 [‐0.91, 3.15]
38 EQ VAS, end of trial, by stroke type 4 3523 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.92 [‐1.13, 2.96]
38.1 Ischaemic 4 2974 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.15 [‐1.06, 3.37]
38.2 ICH 2 549 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.43 [‐5.72, 4.86]
39 EQ VAS, end of trial, by time to randomisation 4 3574 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.91 [‐1.21, 5.04]
39.1 < 6 hours 2 295 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 9.96 [2.49, 17.43]
39.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 392 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐2.92 [‐9.45, 3.61]
39.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 906 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.67 [‐3.42, 4.76]
39.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1045 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.56 [‐5.31, 2.18]
39.5 > 36 hours 3 936 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 4.63 [‐1.21, 10.48]
40 EQ VAS, end of trial, by baseline SBP 4 3574 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.88 [‐1.16, 2.92]
40.1 < 160 mmHg 4 1480 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.41 [‐2.74, 3.57]
40.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 4 1258 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 2.02 [‐6.59, 10.64]
40.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 4 617 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.77 [‐4.21, 5.75]
40.4 > 200 mmHg 3 219 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 5.22 [‐3.55, 14.00]
41 t‐MMSE, end of trial 3 2078 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.13 [‐1.77, 4.03]
41.1 Overall 3 2078 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.13 [‐1.77, 4.03]
42 t‐MMSE, end of trial, by stroke type 3 2041 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.78 [‐0.90, 2.45]
42.1 Ischaemic 3 1729 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 3.15 [‐3.44, 9.74]
42.2 ICH 2 312 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.15 [‐1.61, 1.91]
43 t‐MMSE, end of trial, by time to randomisation 3 2078 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.69 [‐0.59, 1.97]
43.1 < 6 hours 2 219 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 3.61 [1.68, 5.55]
43.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 254 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.75 [‐3.68, 0.18]
43.3 12.1 to ‐24 hours 1 556 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.0 [‐1.24, 1.24]
43.4 24.1 to 36 hours 1 587 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.33 [‐0.90, 1.56]
43.5 > 36 hours 2 462 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.82 [‐0.58, 2.22]
44 t‐MMSE, end of trial, by baseline SBP 3 2073 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.52 [‐0.46, 1.50]
44.1 < 160 mmHg 2 860 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.20 [‐1.21, 0.82]
44.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 3 744 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 4.78 [‐4.78, 14.33]
44.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 2 346 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.04 [‐1.56, 1.64]
44.4 > 200 mmHg 2 123 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.44 [‐1.49, 4.36]
45 TICS, end of trial 1 2013 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.30 [‐0.63, 1.23]
45.1 Overall 1 2013 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.30 [‐0.63, 1.23]
46 TICS, end of trial, by stroke type 1 1985 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.35 [‐0.59, 1.28]
46.1 Ischaemic 1 1683 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.42 [‐0.59, 1.43]
46.2 ICH 1 302 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐2.65, 2.41]
47 TICS, end of trial, by time to randomisation 1 2013 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.62 [‐1.33, 2.56]
47.1 < 6 hours 1 182 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 5.59 [2.63, 8.55]
47.2 6.1 to 12 hours 1 248 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐2.19 [‐4.94, 0.56]
47.3 12.1 to 24 hours 1 549 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.56 [‐2.32, 1.20]
47.4 24.1 to 36 hours 1 583 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.25 [‐1.46, 1.96]
47.5 > 36 hours 1 451 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.66 [‐1.32, 2.64]
48 TICS, end of trial, by baseline SBP 1 2013 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.30 [‐0.76, 1.37]
48.1 < 160 mmHg 1 838 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.66 [‐2.11, 0.79]
48.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 1 728 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.31 [‐0.21, 2.83]
48.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 1 332 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.05 [‐2.20, 2.30]
48.4 > 200 mmHg 1 115 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.32 [‐1.00, 5.64]
49 Animal naming, end of trial 1 2366 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.10 [‐0.53, 0.73]
49.1 Overall 1 2366 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.10 [‐0.53, 0.73]
50 Animal naming, end of trial, by stroke type 1 2336 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.12 [‐0.51, 0.75]
50.1 Ischaemic 1 1960 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.09 [‐0.60, 0.78]
50.2 ICH 1 376 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.28 [‐1.25, 1.81]
51 Animal naming, end of trial, by time to randomisation 1 2366 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.25 [‐0.80, 1.30]
51.1 < 6 hours 1 192 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 2.94 [0.88, 5.00]
51.2 6.1 to 12 hours 1 286 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.33 [‐3.26, 0.60]
51.3 12.1 to 24 hours 1 625 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.02 [‐1.21, 1.25]
51.4 24.1 to 36 hours 1 695 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.34 [‐1.48, 0.80]
51.5 > 36 hours 1 568 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.48 [‐0.82, 1.78]
52 Animal naming, end of trial, by baseline SBP 1 2366 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.10 [‐0.53, 0.73]
52.1 < 160 mmHg 1 966 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.36 [‐1.36, 0.64]
52.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 1 850 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.40 [‐0.64, 1.44]
52.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 1 410 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.26 [‐1.25, 1.77]
52.4 > 200 mmHg 1 140 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.92 [‐1.69, 3.53]
53 Physiotherapy 3 4042 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.79, 1.12]
53.1 Overall 3 4042 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.79, 1.12]
54 Physiotherapy, by stroke type 3 3994 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.80, 1.15]
54.1 Ischaemic 3 3363 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.91 [0.74, 1.11]
54.2 ICH 3 631 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.16 [0.79, 1.70]
55 Physiotherapy, by time to randomisation 3 4041 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.80, 1.15]
55.1 < 6 hours 2 307 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.90 [0.40, 2.05]
55.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 439 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.87 [0.56, 1.36]
55.3 12.1 to 24 hours 1 1064 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.08 [0.77, 1.51]
55.4 24.1 to 36 hours 2 1198 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.07 [0.76, 1.49]
55.5 > 36 hours 2 1033 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.83 [0.54, 1.27]
56 Physiotherapy, by baseline SBP 3 4042 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.78, 1.13]
56.1 < 160 mmHg 3 1624 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.00 [0.75, 1.32]
56.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 3 1433 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.89 [0.46, 1.72]
56.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 3 730 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.68 [0.44, 1.04]
56.4 > 200 mmHg 2 255 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.80 [0.54, 5.98]
57 Occupational therapy 3 4042 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.01 [0.72, 1.41]
57.1 Overall 3 4042 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.01 [0.72, 1.41]
58 Occupational therapy, by stroke type 3 3994 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.02 [0.84, 1.24]
58.1 Ischaemic 3 3363 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.93 [0.81, 1.08]
58.2 ICH 3 631 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.26 [0.92, 1.73]
59 Occupational therapy, by time to randomisation 3 4041 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.99 [0.86, 1.13]
59.1 < 6 hours 2 307 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.15 [0.36, 3.68]
59.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 439 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.65, 1.37]
59.3 12.1 to 24 hours 1 1064 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.06 [0.82, 1.36]
59.4 24.1 to 36 hours 2 1198 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.00 [0.79, 1.28]
59.5 > 36 hours 2 1033 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.72, 1.28]
60 Occupational therapy, by baseline SBP 3 4042 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.03 [0.81, 1.30]
60.1 < 160 mmHg 3 1624 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.00 [0.81, 1.23]
60.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 3 1433 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.76, 1.17]
60.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 3 730 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.74 [0.54, 1.00]
60.4 > 200 mmHg 2 255 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.11 [1.25, 3.54]
61 Speech and language therapy 3 4042 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.84, 1.08]
61.1 Overall 3 4042 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.84, 1.08]
62 Speech and language therapy, by stroke type 3 3994 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.85, 1.09]
62.1 Ischaemic 3 3363 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.82, 1.08]
62.2 ICH 3 631 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.76 [0.14, 4.19]
63 Speech and language therapy, by time to randomisation 3 4041 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.85, 1.09]
63.1 < 6 hours 2 307 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.01 [0.44, 2.29]
63.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 439 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.64, 1.40]
63.3 12.1 to 24 hours 1 1064 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.75, 1.21]
63.4 24.1 to 36 hours 2 1198 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.96 [0.76, 1.20]
63.5 > 36 hours 2 1033 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.01 [0.79, 1.29]
64 Speech and language therapy, by baseline SBP 3 4042 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.95 [0.84, 1.08]
64.1 < 160 mmHg 3 1624 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.98 [0.58, 1.66]
64.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 3 1433 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.94 [0.76, 1.16]
64.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 3 730 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.00 [0.75, 1.34]
64.4 > 200 mmHg 2 255 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.38 [0.84, 2.26]
65 Feeding route (non‐oral feeding at day 7) 3 4009 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.82, 1.15]
65.1 Overall 3 4009 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.82, 1.15]
66 Feeding route (non‐oral feeding at day 7), by stroke type 3 3962 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.99 [0.80, 1.22]
66.1 Ischaemic 3 3339 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.90 [0.75, 1.09]
66.2 ICH 2 623 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.28 [0.88, 1.87]
67 Feeding route (non‐oral feeding at day 7), by time to randomisation 3 4004 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.82, 1.16]
67.1 < 6 hours 2 301 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.59 [0.32, 1.08]
67.2 6.1 to 12 hours 1 435 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.03 [0.61, 1.75]
67.3 12.1 to 24 hours 1 1043 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.16 [0.83, 1.64]
67.4 24.1 to 36 hours 1 1192 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.14 [0.84, 1.55]
67.5 > 36 hours 2 1033 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.80 [0.58, 1.10]
68 Feeding route (non‐oral feeding at day 7), by baseline SBP 3 4000 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.97 [0.82, 1.15]
68.1 < 160 mmHg 3 1613 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.98 [0.74, 1.29]
68.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 2 1413 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.73 [0.27, 1.95]
68.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 2 720 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.35 [0.92, 1.97]
68.4 > 200 mmHg 2 254 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.89 [0.49, 1.62]
69 Length of stay 4 4078 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.29 [‐6.21, 8.78]
69.1 Overall 4 4078 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.29 [‐6.21, 8.78]
70 Length of stay, by stroke type 4 4055 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.33 [‐3.28, 5.93]
70.1 Ischaemic 4 3414 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 2.99 [‐9.65, 15.63]
70.2 ICH 4 641 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 2.55 [‐1.51, 6.61]
71 Length of stay by time, to randomisation 4 4077 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.34 [‐1.76, 1.09]
71.1 < 6 hours 2 307 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.55 [‐6.30, 3.21]
71.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 439 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.64 [‐5.13, 1.85]
71.3 12.1 to 24 hours 1 1064 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.76 [‐3.56, 2.04]
71.4 24.1 to 36 hours 2 1197 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.04 [‐2.68, 2.76]
71.5 > 36 hours 3 1070 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 1.52 [‐9.40, 12.44]
72 Length of stay, by baseline SBP 4 4077 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.13 [‐2.82, 3.07]
72.1 < 160 mmHg 4 1644 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 8.63 [‐8.44, 25.71]
72.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 4 1443 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐3.77 [‐18.94, 11.40]
72.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 4 733 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.17 [‐4.86, 2.51]
72.4 > 200 mmHg 3 257 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 4.50 [‐2.45, 11.45]
73 Headache, on treatment 5 4186 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.37 [1.55, 3.62]
73.1 Overall 5 4186 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.37 [1.55, 3.62]
74 Headache, on treatment, by stroke type 4 4048 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.34 [1.93, 2.84]
74.1 Ischaemic 4 3409 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.39 [1.59, 3.61]
74.2 ICH 4 639 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.91 [1.24, 2.93]
75 Headache, on treatment, by time to randomisation 4 4094 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.36 [1.95, 2.86]
75.1 < 6 hours 2 309 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.22 [1.10, 4.45]
75.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.08 [1.16, 3.73]
75.3 12.1 to 24 hours 1 1065 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.57 [1.78, 3.71]
75.4 24.1 to 36 hours 2 1202 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.27 [1.59, 3.22]
75.5 > 36 hours 3 1078 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.42 [1.64, 3.58]
76 Headache, on treatment, by baseline SBP 4 4095 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.29 [1.83, 2.86]
76.1 < 160 mmHg 4 1649 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.37 [1.74, 3.21]
76.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 4 1453 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.97 [2.14, 4.12]
76.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 4 736 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.42 [0.92, 2.18]
76.4 > 200 mmHg 3 257 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.25 [0.08, 20.46]
77 Treatment stopped early 5 4193 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.84 [0.27, 12.42]
77.1 Overall 5 4193 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.84 [0.27, 12.42]
78 Treatment stopped early, by stroke type 4 4102 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.49 [0.72, 8.59]
78.1 Ischaemic 4 3465 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.26 [0.07, 21.87]
78.2 ICH 3 637 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 6.81 [3.46, 13.43]
79 Treatment stopped early, by time to randomisation 5 4192 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 4.56 [2.10, 9.87]
79.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.03 [0.05, 22.27]
79.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 12.12 [4.26, 34.44]
79.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1070 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 6.42 [4.07, 10.12]
79.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1218 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 9.23 [1.63, 52.33]
79.5 > 36 hours 4 1152 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 3.86 [0.58, 25.79]
80 Treatment stopped early, by baseline SBP 4 4159 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.84 [1.37, 5.88]
80.1 < 160 mmHg 4 1687 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.33 [0.09, 20.26]
80.2 160.1 to 180 mmHg 4 1467 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.17 [0.17, 27.08]
80.3 180.1 to 200 mmHg 4 742 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.38 [0.17, 11.13]
80.4 > 200 mmHg 3 263 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 2.16 [0.21, 22.44]
81 Systolic BP, first treatment measurement 5 4197 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐7.21 [‐8.58, ‐5.85]
81.1 Overall 5 4197 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐7.21 [‐8.58, ‐5.85]
82 Systolic BP, first treatment measurement, by stroke type 5 4143 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐7.01 [‐8.37, ‐5.66]
82.1 Ischaemic 5 3502 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐7.05 [‐8.51, ‐5.59]
82.2 ICH 4 641 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐6.77 [‐10.45, ‐3.09]
83 Systolic BP, first treatment measurement, by time to randomisation 5 4195 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐7.21 [‐8.57, ‐5.84]
83.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐9.52 [‐14.28, ‐4.75]
83.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐7.92 [‐12.18, ‐3.66]
83.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1070 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐5.33 [‐8.07, ‐2.59]
83.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1218 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐7.17 [‐9.66, ‐4.68]
83.5 > 36 hours 4 1155 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐8.02 [‐10.66, ‐5.37]
84 Diastolic BP, first treatment measurement 5 4197 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.31 [‐4.18, ‐2.45]
84.1 Overall 5 4197 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.31 [‐4.18, ‐2.45]
85 Diastolic BP, first treatment measurement, by stroke type 5 4143 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.24 [‐4.10, ‐2.38]
85.1 Ischaemic 5 3502 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.13 [‐4.05, ‐2.21]
85.2 ICH 4 641 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.96 [‐6.36, ‐1.55]
86 Diastolic BP, first treatment measurement, by time to randomisation 5 4195 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.31 [‐4.17, ‐2.45]
86.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐2.31 [‐5.53, 0.90]
86.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐4.5 [‐7.27, ‐1.73]
86.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1070 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐3.33 [‐3.00, ‐1.66]
86.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1218 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐1.90 [‐3.49, ‐0.30]
86.5 > 36 hours 4 1155 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐4.68 [‐6.35, ‐3.01]
87 Heart rate, first treatment measurement 5 4197 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.02 [1.13, 2.91]
87.1 Overall 5 4197 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.02 [1.13, 2.91]
88 Heart rate, first treatment measurement, by stroke type 5 4143 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.18 [1.29, 3.08]
88.1 Ischaemic 5 3502 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.12 [1.14, 3.09]
88.2 ICH 4 641 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 2.56 [0.25, 4.88]
89 Heart rate, first treatment measurement, by time to randomisation 5 4195 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.91 [1.02, 2.80]
89.1 < 6 hours 2 312 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.89 [‐1.62, 5.40]
89.2 6.1 to 12 hours 2 440 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) ‐0.13 [‐3.16, 2.90]
89.3 12.1 to 24 hours 2 1070 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.69 [‐0.11, 3.49]
89.4 24.1 to 36 hours 3 1218 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 3.44 [1.79, 5.09]
89.5 > 36 hours 4 1155 Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 1.23 [‐0.36, 2.82]