Table 1. Bacterial strains used in the current study.
| Bacterial strain | Antibiotic resistance marker(s)a | Description | Source/Referenceb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Escherichia coli strains | |||
| E. coli NEB5α | NA | DH5α derived cloning host | NEB |
| E. coli BL21(DE3) | NA | Host for protein expression | NEB |
| E. coli ET12567(pUZ8002) | CamR, KanR | DNA methylation deficient conjugation host containing the plasmid pUZ8002 | [33] |
| E. coli BW25118 (pIJ790) | CamR, KanR | Host containing the plasmid pIJ790 for λ RED mediated ReDirect PCR targeting of genes | [34] |
| E. coli DH5α (BT340) | AmpR, CamR | Strain containing plasmid BT340 used for expressing the FLP recombinase | [35] |
| Streptomyces and other strains | |||
| Streptomyces clavuligerus NRRL 3585 | NA | Wild type; cephamycin and clavulanic acid producer | NRRL |
| Streptomyces clavuligerus Δcpe::apra | AprR | cpe deletion mutant; gene replaced by disruption cassette from plasmid pIJ773 | This study |
| Streptomyces clavuligerus Δcpe-INF | NA | cpe deletion mutant; gene replaced by 81bp marker less in-frame scar sequence | This study |
| Streptomyces flavogriseus ATCC 33331 | NA | Wild type; clavulanic acid non-producer | ATCC |
| Saccharomonospora viridis ATCC 15386 | NA | Wild type; clavulanic acid non-producer | ATCC |
| Streptomyces katsurahamanus | NA | Wild type; cephamycin and clavulanic acid producer | [12] |
| Streptomyces jumonjinensis | NA | Wild type; cephamycin and clavulanic acid producer | [12] |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 15380 | NA | Indicator organism for clavulanic acid bioassays | [32] |
a AmpR, ampicillin resistance; AprR, apramycin resistance; CamR, chloramphenicol resistance; KanR, kanamycin resistance; NA, Not applicable.
b ATCC, American Type Culture Collection; NEB, New England Biolabs; NRRL, Northern Regional Research Laboratory.