Table 3.

Changes in 24-hour urinary parameters during the trial.

	Placebo			Pioglitazone			Interaction
	Baseline	24 Weeks	P	Baseline	24 Weeks	P	P
Total Volume, L/d	2.56(2.29 to 2.84)	2.48(2.10 to 2.86)	0.59	2.50(2.22 to 2.78)	2.40(2.04 to 2.75)	0.42	0.90
Na, mmoles/d	94(75 to 112)	83(58 to 109)	0.44	89(69 to 108)	100(77 to 123)	0.33	0.23
K, mmoles/d	38(33 to 44)	35(29 to 40)	0.13	39(34 to 44)	37(32 to 42)	0.37	0.58
Creatinine, mmoles/d	13.6(11.8 to 15.4)	13.5(11.5 to 15.5)	0.89	14.3(12.4 to 16.1)	13.7(11.8 to 15.7)	0.30	0.56
Ca, mmoles/d	2.41(1.80 to 3.02)	2.69(1.81 to 3.56)	0.26	2.67(2.05 to 3.30)	3.13(2.27 to 3.99)	0.038	0.58
Mg, mmoles/d	3.93(3.26 to 4.59)	3.70(3.02 to 4.37)	0.38	3.40(2.71 to 4.08)	3.15(2.51 to 3.79)	0.29	0.96
Cl, mmoles/d	88(66 to 110)	78(55 to 102)	0.49	97(74 to 119)	95(75 to 116)	0.91	0.66
Ammonium, mEq/d	26(22 to 30)	28(24 to 32)	0.44	31(27 to 36)	29(25 to 33)	0.19	0.15
Citrate, mmoles/d	2.50(1.52 to 3.48)	2.58(1.62 to 3.54)	0.87	2.68(1.68 to 3.68)	2.61(1.72 to 3.49)	0.86	0.81
Citrate, mEq/d	5.80(3.65 to 7.96)	6.07(3.52 to 8.61)	0.82	5.95(3.74 to 8.17)	6.27(3.94 to 8.60)	0.76	0.98
Phosphorus, mmoles/d	20.6(16.8 to 24.4)	20.0(16.0 to 24.0)	0.67	23.3(19.4 to 27.2)	21.7(17.9 to 25.6)	0.22	0.16
Oxalate, μmoles/d	319(279 to 359)	286(246 to 326)	0.17	336(295 to 377)	278(243 to 314)	0.01	0.43
Sulfate, mEq/d	37(32 to 42)	35(30 to 40)	0.31	38(33 to 43)	37(32 to 42)	0.45	0.79
NGIA, mEq/d	35.3(16.0 to 54.5)	18.3(9.9 to 26.7)	0.13	4.1(−15.3 to 23.4)	15.5(8.1 to 22.9)	0.29	0.07

Data presented as Least Square Means (95% confidence intervals). Interaction P value corresponds to the treatment and visit interaction for comparison between placebo and pioglitazone groups