Table 1.
Univariate analysis according to sex in ischemic stroke patients (n = 4,060).
| Male (n = 2,226) | Female (n = 1,834) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES | |||
| Age (years) | 68.7 ± 13.1 | 75.1 ± 14.4 | <0.0001 |
| History of hypertension, % | 59.1 | 67.7 | <0.0001 |
| History of diabetes mellitus, % | 24.7 | 23.5 | 0.397 |
| History of alcoholism, % | 18.2 | 3.4 | <0.0001 |
| History of smoking, % | 24.5 | 7.3 | <0.0001 |
| History of dyslipidemia, % | 34.3 | 34.1 | 0.947 |
| Peripheral arterial disease, % | 7.9 | 2.9 | <0.0001 |
| Previous ischemic heart disease, % | 13.7 | 8.6 | <0.0001 |
| Ischemic heart disease, % | 3.5 | 5 | 0.023 |
| Atrial fibrillation, % | 14.2 | 25 | <0.0001 |
| Previous transient ischemic attack, % | 5.6 | 4.8 | 0.258 |
| History of Ischemic stroke, % | 14.2 | 14 | 0.982 |
| History of Intracerebral hemorrhage, % | 1 | 1.1 | 0.982 |
| Anticoagulants, % | 7.1 | 9.3 | 0.011 |
| Antiaggregants, % | 23.9 | 24.9 | 0.509 |
| CLINICAL VARIABLES | |||
| Stroke on awakening, % | 9.6 | 10.3 | 0.460 |
| Previous mRS | 0 [0, 0] | 0 [0, 1] | <0.0001 |
| Time from stroke onset (minutes) | 222.5 ± 167.4 | 256.5 ± 169.1 | <0.0001 |
| NIHSS score at admission | 13 [7, 18] | 15 [9, 21] | <0.0001 |
| Early neurological deterioration, % | 9.0 | 9.7 | 0.408 |
| TOAST | <0.0001 | ||
| Atherothrombotic, % | 27.1 | 21.2 | |
| Cardioembolic, % | 32.2 | 40.7 | |
| Lacunar, % | 8.3 | 6.7 | |
| Undetermined, % | 30.8 | 31.0 | |
| Others, % | 1.5 | 0.5 | |
| Intravenous fibrinolysis, % | 21.3 | 22.9 | 0.223 |
| Thrombectomy, % | 3.4 | 3.3 | 0.861 |
| DWI at admission (mL) | 53.4 ± 106.4(170) | 51.8 ± 98.1(132) | 0.893 |
| CT volume 4th−7th day (mL) | 47.6 ± 79.6 | 63.8 ± 94.8 | <0.0001 |
| Hemorrhagic transformation | 0.026 | ||
| IH1, % | 5.3 | 7.0 | |
| IH2, % | 2.2 | 3.4 | |
| PH1, % | 1.1 | 1.5 | |
| PH2, % | 1.0 | 1.6 | |
| Axillary temperature at admission (°C) | 36.3 ± 0.6 | 36.3 ±0.6 | 0.584 |
| Blood glucose at admission (mg/dL) | 137 ± 56.3 | 134.7 ± 52.6 | 0.971 |
| Sedimentation rate (mm) | 22.1 ± 21.9 | 29.2 ± 23.3 | <0.0001 |
| Glycosylated hemoglobin, % | 6.3 ± 3.7 | 6.1 ± 1.2 | 0.185 |
| SBP at admission (mmHg) | 161.1 ± 31.9 | 162.9 ± 32.1 | 0.593 |
| DBP at admission (mmHg) | 87.1 ± 18.5 | 88.2 ± 19.6 | 0.318 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 110.3 ± 39.1 | 108.1 ± 36.5 | 0.598 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 39.1 ± 17.2 | 45.2 ± 16.5 | <0.0001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 124.6 ± 70.4 | 112.3 ± 56.3 | <0.0001 |
| MOLECULAR MARKERS | |||
| Leukocytes at admission (× 103/mL) | 8.9 ± 3.1 | 9.6 ± 3.3 | <0.0001 |
| Fibrinogen at admission, mg/dL | 431.4 ± 99.4 | 453.7 ± 98.7 | <0.0001 |
| C-reactive protein at admission (mg/dL) | 2.7 ± 3.8 | 3.7 ± 4.2 | <0.0001 |
| Microalbuminuria (mg/24 h) | 7.9 ± 26.2 | 7.0 ± 25.9 | 0.633 |
| NT-proBNP levels (pg/mL) | 915.9 ± 1563.7 | 1544.1 ± 1978.7 | <0.0001 |
| OUTCOME | |||
| mRS at 3-months | 2 [0, 4] | 3 [1, 4] | <0.0001 |
| Poor outcome, % | 43.6 | 55.6 | <0.0001 |