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Design of the study. Schematic representation of the main meta-analysis, secondary meta-analyses, follow-up analyses and exploration of persistence at older ages. *We removed multiple births from all analyses and excluded preterm births (<37 weeks) and offspring of mothers with pre-eclampsia or diabetes (three major pathological causes of differences). **For sufficient power in the low vs normal BW analyses, we only included nine studies with >10 low birthweight cases
