Table 3.
Parameters estimates for models predicting sleep quality and sleepiness across the academic year.
| Sleep Quality | Sleepiness | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Est | SE | t | Est | SE | t | |
| Fixed Effects | ||||||
| Intercept (1st year students) | 6.578 | 0.374 | 17.57*** | 8.747 | 0.496 | 17.63*** |
| 2nd year students | 0.705 | 0.527 | 1.34 | 0.947 | 0.710 | 1.33 |
| 3rd year students | 0.930 | 0.507 | 1.83 | 0.506 | 0.677 | 0.75 |
| 4th year students | 1.540 | 0.564 | 2.73** | 1.431 | 0.749 | 1.91 |
| Time (1st year) | 0.282 | 0.103 | 2.75** | 0.267 | 0.155 | 1.72 |
| Time x 2nd year | −0.244 | 0.141 | −1.73 | −0.312 | 0.216 | −1.45 |
| Time x 3rd year | −0.256 | 0.139 | −1.85 | −0.192 | 0.210 | −0.91 |
| Time x 4th year | −0.569 | 0.158 | −3.61*** | −0.486 | 0.241 | −2.02* |
| Random EFFECTS | ||||||
| Between-Person variance (level-2) | 8.865 | 0.862 | 10.28*** | 13.304 | 1.459 | 9.12*** |
| Within-Person variance (level-1) | 2.821 | 0.231 | 12.18*** | 6.686 | 0.648 | 10.32*** |
Time is coded as 0 = Time 1. First year students are the reference group.
p < 0.05;
p < 0.01;
p < 0.001.