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. 2019 Apr 23;9:6444. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42910-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Micro-stimulator components, circuit and electrodes. (a) Simplified schematic of the micro-circuit board and battery support. (b) List of main components of the micro-stimulator. (c) Timing diagram demonstrating the offset between HB1 and HB2 as well as the summed output current. (d) Pulse duration, frequency and dead time (between positive and negative current pulses) of the stimulation paradigm. (e-e”) Types of electrodes designed for the various experimental applications: stimulation alone (e), short-term 2-photon imaging with stimulation of deep cerebral structures (e’) or long-term stimulation combined to repeated 2-photon imaging sessions (e”). Abbreviations: HB1: H bridge 1; HB2: H bridge 2; µA: microamperes; Ω: ohms, V: volts; LED: light emitting diode.