FIG 8.

The AP-1 transcription factor is involved in VpOmpU-mediated proinflammatory responses. (A) Decrease in the production of TNF-α in response to VpOmpU in the presence of an AP-1 inhibitor (SP600125) in both RAW 264.7 and THP-1 cells. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM from three independent experiments (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ns, P > 0.05 [versus cells treated with VpOmpU only]). (B) Increase in AP-1 family members in the nuclear lysates of VpOmpU-treated cells, namely, JunB, c-Jun, and c-Fos in RAW 264.7 cells and JunB, c-Jun, c-Fos, and JunD in THP-1 cells. Lamin B1 was used as a loading control for nuclear lysates.