CST-IV bacteria induce paracellular permeability of a monolayer of human ectocervical cells. (A to C) Paracellular permeability was assayed for P. bivia, A. vaginae, and G. vaginalis, respectively, at two specified concentrations (cells per milliliter, as indicated), in a time course experiment. (D) Paracellular permeability was assayed for the specified combinations of P. bivia (1 × 104 cells/ml), G. vaginalis (1 × 105 cells/ml) and A. vaginae (1 × 105 cells/ml) in a time course experiment.