| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Anderson 2013 | Not a randomised controlled study. In this study, benign ureteroenteric anastomotic stricture rates of open and robot assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy were compared using a prospectively maintained database. |
| Atmaca 2015 | Not a randomised controlled study. Retrospective comparison of open vs totally intracorporeal robotic‐assisted radical cystectomy, bilateral extended pelvic lymph node dissection, and Studer urinary diversion. Researchers evaluated operative and postoperative parameters, pathological parameters, complications, and functional outcomes. |
| Bak 2016 | Although not clearly specified, this appears to be a nonrandomised retrospective observational study. |
| Borza 2017 | Not a randomised controlled study. Participants were identified from International Classification of Diseases 9th edition codes and administrative claims from a large, national US health insurer. This study compared readmission rates for ORC and RARC. |
| Cusano 2016 | Not a randomised controlled study. Retrospective comparison of preliminary oncological outcomes for ORC and RARC. |
| Galich 2006 | Not a randomised controlled study. This study compared early perioperative outcomes following radical cystectomy by the robotic method vs the conventional open method using a prospectively maintained database. |
| Gandaglia 2016 | Not a randomised controlled study. Retrospective comparison of perioperative and oncological outcomes of open (ORC) and robotic‐assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) between 2 large‐volume European centres. |
| Ginot 2016 | Not a randomised controlled study. Comparison of robotic‐assisted cystectomy vs open cystectomy, with urinary diversion by bladder substitution. |
| Gondo 2012 | Not a randomised controlled study. This study compared early perioperative outcomes following radical cystectomy by the robotic method vs the conventional open method using a prospectively maintained database in a Japanese population. |
| Khan 2012 | Not a randomised controlled study. This prospective study compared perioperative outcomes of ORC, RARC, and LRC. |
| Koupparis 2015 | Not a randomised controlled study. This study compared the impact of ERAS between prospective RARC data and retrospectively maintained ORC data. |
| Lee 2011 | Not a randomised controlled study. This prospective comparative study compared the economic burden of ORC vs RARC. |
| Li 2016 | Not a randomised controlled study. This retrospective study compared health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and short‐term convalescence among bladder cancer patients who underwent ORC and RARC. |
| Martin 2011 | Not a randomised controlled study. This prospective comparative study performed cost analysis of ORC and RARC. |
| Matulewicz 2016 | Not a randomised controlled study. Researchers used the National Cancer Data Base to compare oncological quality indicators between open and robotic‐assisted radical cystectomy. |
| Musch 2014 | Not a randomised controlled study. This prospective comparative study compared early postoperative morbidity of ORC and RARC. |
| Nepple 2013 | Not a randomised controlled study. This retrospective non‐matched study compared pathology, recurrence, and survival between ORC and RARC. |
| Ng 2010 | Not a randomised controlled study. This prospective study compared complications between ORC and RARC. |
| Nguyen 2015 | Not a randomised controlled study. This retrospective study compared RFS and recurrence patterns between ORC and RARC. |
| Rhee 2006 | Not a randomised controlled study. This prospective comparative study compared estimated blood loss (EBL), transfusion requirements, operative duration, hospital stay, and body mass index (BMI) between ORC and RARC. |
| Satkunasivam 2016 | Not a randomised controlled study. This retrospective study compared urodynamic features of intracorporeal orthotopic neobladder and bladder cancer‐specific and general health‐related quality of life between RARC and ORC. |
| Sharma 2017 | Not a randomised controlled study. This retrospective study compared pathological and postoperative outcomes of RARC vs open radical cystectomy (ORC) with high‐risk disease (pT3/T4). |
| Styn 2012 | Not a randomised controlled study. This matched‐pair analysis compared ORC and RARC. Researchers match‐paired age, sex, urinary diversion, and clinical stage, and they compared perioperative complications and pathological outcomes. |
| Tan 2016 | Not a randomised controlled study. Investigators compared early oncological outcomes and cancer recurrence sites among patients undergoing ORC and RARC with intracorporeal urinary diversion (iRARC). |
| Wang 2008 | Not a randomised controlled study. This prospective study compared estimated blood loss (EBL), transfusion requirement, operative duration, time to resumption of regular diet, hospital stay, complication rates, and pathological outcomes between ORC and RARC. |
| Winters 2016 | Not a randomised controlled study. This study compared perioperative surgical outcomes among elderly patients. |
BMI: body mass index; EBL: estimated blood loss; ERAS: Enhanced recovery after syrgery; HRQoL: health‐related quality of life; iRARC: intracorporeal urinary diversion; LRC: laparoscopic radical cystectomy; ORC: open radical cystectomy; RARC: robotic‐assisted radical cystectomy; RFS: Recurrence‐free survival.