Table 2.
Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of TBI+ Patients
| Characteristic | Documented ED TBI diagnosis | No documented ED TBI diagnosis | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 363) | (n = 412) | ||
| Female | 133 (37%) | 152 (37%) | 0.942 |
| Age (years) | 0.005 | ||
| 18–40 | 133 (37%) | 185 (45%) | |
| 41–65 | 124 (34%) | 146 (35%) | |
| >65 | 106 (29%) | 81 (20%) | |
| Race and ethnicity | <0.002 | ||
| Caucasian | 180 (50%) | 163 (40%) | |
| African-American | 96 (26%) | 160 (39%) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 50 (14%) | 59 (14%) | |
| Other/unknown | 37 (10%) | 30 (7%) | |
| ED trauma level | <0.001 | ||
| Level I | 130 (36%) | 197 (48%) | |
| Level II | 233 (64%) | 215 (52%) | |
| Trauma team involved | 222 (61%) | 255 (62%) | 0.833 |
| Cause of injury | <0.001 | ||
| Incidental fall | 180 (50%) | 146 (35%) | |
| Road traffic accident | 110 (30%) | 182 (44%) | |
| Violence/assault | 39 (11%) | 69 (17%) | |
| Other | 34 (9%) | 15 (4%) | |
| GCS | 0.034 | ||
| 13–15 | 245 (67%) | 306 (74%) | |
| 9–12 | 22 (6%) | 31 (8%) | |
| 3–8 | 40 (11%) | 26 (6%) | |
| Undetermined | 56 (15%) | 49 (12%) | |
| Loss of consciousness | 0.622 | ||
| No | 74 (20%) | 92 (22%) | |
| Yes | 217 (60%) | 229 (56%) | |
| Undocumented | 29 (8%) | 41 (10%) | |
| Suspected | 43 (12%) | 50 (12%) | |
| Post-traumatic amnesia | 0.539 | ||
| No | 35 (10%) | 32 (8%) | |
| Yes | 86 (24%) | 92 (22%) | |
| Undocumented | 242 (67%) | 288 (70%) | |
| Positive altered mental status | 212 (58%) | 227 (55%) | 0.345 |
| CT TBI positive | 126 (35%) | 15 (4%) | <0.001 |
TBI, traumatic brain injury; ED, emergency department; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; CT, computed tomography.