Table 4.
Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of TBI− Patients
| Characteristic | Documented ED TBI diagnosis | No documented ED TBI diagnosis | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 182) | (n = 684) | ||
| Female | 109 (60%) | 375 (55%) | 0.221 |
| Age (years) | 0.275 | ||
| 18–40 | 45 (25%) | 192 (28%) | |
| 41–65 | 60 (33%) | 185 (27%) | |
| 65< | 77 (42%) | 307 (45%) | |
| Race and ethnicity | 0.149 | ||
| Caucasian | 108 (59%) | 346 (51%) | |
| African American | 45 (25%) | 201 (29%) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 18 (10%) | 71 (10%) | |
| Other/Unknown | 11 (6%) | 66 (10%) | |
| Trauma center | 0.236 | ||
| Level I | 52 (29%) | 227 (33%) | |
| Level II | 130 (71%) | 457 (67%) | |
| Trauma team involved | 26 (14%) | 201 (29%) | <0.001 |
| Cause of injury | <0.001 | ||
| Incidental fall | 116 (64%) | 367 (54%) | |
| Road traffic accident | 38 (21%) | 238 (35%) | |
| Violence/assault | 9 (5%) | 48 (7%) | |
| Other | 19 (10%) | 31 (5%) | |
| GCS | 0.182 | ||
| 13–15 | 115 (63%) | 473 (69%) | |
| 9–12 | 0 (0%) | 5 (1%) | |
| 3–8 | 0 (0%) | 2 (<1%) | |
| Undetermined | 67 (37%) | 204 (30%) | |
| Blood alcohol | 0.027 | ||
| No | 23 (13%) | 143 (21%) | |
| Yes | 11 (6%) | 50 (7%) | |
| Not done | 148 (81%) | 491 (72%) | |
| Dementia | 6 (3%) | 39 (6%) | 0.194 |
TBI, traumatic brain injury; ED, emergency department; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale.