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. 2019 Apr 9;20(7):1753. doi: 10.3390/ijms20071753
AE acetone extract
BE n-butanol extract
COX-2 cyclooxygenase 2
CYE cyanidin chloride equivalents
DEX dexamethasone
DPPH 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
dw dry weight
ECA (–)-epicatechin
ELA-2 elastase 2
fMLP N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine
FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant power
GAE gallic acid equivalents
GT methyl salicylate 2-O-(6′-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (gaultherin)
H2O2 hydrogen peroxide
HYAL hyaluronidase
IND indomethacin
IL interleukin
LOX lipoxygenase
LPS bacterial lipopolysaccharide
ME methanol extract
MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase 9
MQ quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (miquelianin)
O2•‒ superoxide anion
OH hydroxyl radical
PAT procyanidin A-type trimer
PB2 procyanidin B2
QU quercetin
ROS reactive oxygen species
TBARS thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances
TFL total content of flavonoids
TLPA total content of low-molecular weight flavanols and proanthocyanidins (HPLC)
TNF-α tumour necrosis factor α
TPA total proanthocyanidin content (n-butanol/HCl assay)
TPC total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu assay)
TPH total phenolic content (HPLC)
TPHA total content of phenolic acids
TSAL total content of salicylates
TX (±)-6-hydroxy-2,2,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox®)
WE water extract