Table 1.
Chemical composition of Solidago canadensis essential oil (EO) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
| No. | Compound Name | [%] | Ki | Ki lit. | Identif. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | α-Pinene | 11.6 | 922 | 936 | Ki; S; MS |
| 2. | Camphene | 1.0 | 943 | 950 | Ki; MS |
| 3. | Sabinene | 3.9 | 964 | 973 | Ki; MS |
| 4. | β-Pinene | 3.1 | 972 | 978 | Ki; S; MS |
| 5. | α -Phellandrene | 0.3 | 997 | 1002 | Ki; MS |
| 6. | m-Cymene | 0.1 | 1013 | 1013 | Ki; MS |
| 7. | Limonene | 12.5 | 1014 | 1025 | Ki; S; MS |
| 8. | β-trans-Ocimene | 0.4 | 1034 | 1029 | Ki; MS |
| 9. | γ-Terpinen | 0.1 | 1047 | 1051 | Ki; S; MS |
| 10. | Cyclohexane, 2-ethenyl-1,1-dimethyl-3-methylene- | 0.2 | 1071 | Ki; MS | |
| 11. | α-Campholenal | 0.2 | 1106 | 1105 | Ki; MS |
| 12. | trans-Pinocarveol | 0.2 | 1131 | 1126 | Ki; MS |
| 13. | trans-Verbenol | 0.1 | 1136 | 1136 | Ki; MS |
| 14. | 1-Terpinen-4-ol | 0.1 | 1137 | 1137 | Ki; MS |
| 15. | 3-Thujene-10-al | 0.2 | 1158 | 1158 | Ki; MS |
| 16. | Myrtenal | 0.5 | 1175 | 1172 | Ki; MS |
| 17. | Carveol | 0.1 | 1188 | 1200 | Ki; MS |
| 18. | Verbenone | 0.1 | 1204 | 1183 | Ki; MS |
| 19. | trans-Carveol | 0.3 | 1207 | 1210 | Ki; MS |
| 20. | Carvone | 0.2 | 1210 | 1214 | Ki; S; MS |
| 21. | Bornyl acetate | 6.3 | 1270 | 1270 | Ki; S; MS |
| 22. | a-Terpinyl acetate | 0.8 | 1334 | 1335 | Ki; MS |
| 23. | β-Cubebene | 0.2 | 1355 | 1355 | Ki; MS |
| 24. | α-Copaene | 0.4 | 1376 | 1379 | Ki; MS |
| 25. | β-Elemen | 7.1 | 1387 | 1389 | Ki; MS |
| 26. | β-Caryophyllene | 3.0 | 1421 | 1421 | Ki; S; MS |
| 27. | Sesquisabinene A | 1.5 | 1435 | 1435 | Ki; MS |
| 28. | α-Caryophyllene | 1.1 | 1456 | 1454 | Ki; MS |
| 29. | Epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene | 2.5 | 1470 | 1487 | Ki; MS |
| 30. | Germacrene D | 34.9 | 1480 | 1480 | Ki; S; MS |
| 31. | γ-Cadinene | 2.1 | 1507 | 1507 | Ki; MS |
| 32. | β-Cadinene | 2.8 | 1526 | 1526 | Ki; MS |
| Total | 97.7 | ||||
| Hydrocarbon monoterpenes | 32.9 | ||||
| Oxygenated monoterpenes | 9.1 | ||||
| Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 55.5 | ||||
| Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | 0.0 | ||||
| Others | 0.2 |
Note: Ki = Kovat’s retention index compared between software prediction (Ki) and literature (Ki lit.) [27]. Identification of compounds: Ki- Kovat’s retention index, S-standard co-injection, MS = mass spectrometry.