| AA | Amino acid |
| LAB | Lactic acid bacteria |
| GRAS | Generally recognized as safe |
| MRS | de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe |
| TCA | Trichloroacetic acid |
| OD600nm | Optical density at 600 nm |
| DNS | Dinitrosalicylic acid |
| OPA | o-phthalaldehyde |
| FMOC | 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate |
| ANOVA | Analysis of variance |