Table 5.
Trend in Relative Income Price (RIP) of cigarettes (predicted from GEE estimation) by age, gender, household income status, education, employment status and price tier of brands in last purchase of smokers in China, 2007–2008 to 2013–2015.
| RIP by Age Group | 2006 | 2007–2008 | 2009 | 2011–2012 | 2013–2015 | Change: 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 | p-value | Difference in Change over 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 in Comparison to Age Group 18–35 | p-value |
| 18–35 | 9.8% | 12.6% | 12.2% | 8.5% | 7.0% | −5.6% | 0.0000 | ||
| 36–55 | 11.5% | 12.9% | 11.4% | 8.5% | 6.8% | −6.1% | 0.0000 | −0.5% | 0.5980 |
| 55+ | 7.4% | 8.7% | 8.7% | 5.8% | 4.7% | −4.0% | 0.0000 | 1.6% | 0.0820 |
| RIP by gender | 2006 | 2007–2008 | 2009 | 2011–2012 | 2013–2015 | Change: 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 | p-value | Difference in change over 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 between male and female | p-value |
| Male | 10.1% | 11.6% | 10.7% | 7.7% | 6.2% | −5.4% | 0.0000 | ||
| Female | 9.2% | 11.4% | 9.4% | 6.2% | 6.0% | −5.4% | 0.0000 | −0.1% | 0.9650 |
| RIP by household income status | 2006 | 2007–2008 | 2009 | 2011–2012 | 2013–2015 | Change: 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 | p-value | Difference in change over 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 between low- and high-income | p-value |
| Low-income | 10.8% | 12.3% | 11.3% | 8.3% | 6.5% | −5.8% | 0.0000 | ||
| High-income | 2.8% | 4.1% | 3.5% | 1.1% | 1.2% | −2.9% | 0.0040 | 2.9% | 0.0050 |
| RIP by educational status | 2006 | 2007–2008 | 2009 | 2011–2012 | 2013–2015 | Change: 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 | p-value | Difference in change over 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 between low and high education | p-value |
| Low education | 11.0% | 13.1% | 11.6% | 8.8% | 6.6% | −6.5% | 0.0000 | ||
| High education | 9.2% | 10.3% | 9.9% | 6.7% | 5.8% | −4.6% | 0.0000 | 1.9% | 0.0000 |
| RIP by employment status | 2006 | 2007–2008 | 2009 | 2011–2012 | 2013–2015 | Change: 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 | p-value | Difference in change over 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 between not employed and employed | p-value |
| Not employed | 12.1% | 13.6% | 12.3% | 9.3% | 7.4% | −6.3% | 0.0000 | ||
| Employed | 8.6% | 10.2% | 9.5% | 6.5% | 5.5% | −4.7% | 0.0000 | 1.6% | 0.0040 |
| RIP by price tiers of brands | 2006 | 2007–2008 | 2009 | 2011–2012 | 2013–2015 | Change: 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 | p-value | Difference in change over 2007–2008 to 2013–2015 in comparison to Tier I cigarette brands | p-value |
| I | 16.5% | 18.3% | 16.6% | 12.8% | 10.7% | −7.6% | 0.0000 | ||
| II | 13.1% | 13.7% | 13.4% | 11.4% | 8.9% | −4.8% | 0.0000 | 2.8% | 0.0350 |
| III | 10.0% | 11.7% | 11.0% | 7.8% | 6.4% | −5.2% | 0.0000 | 2.3% | 0.0290 |
| IV | 7.0% | 9.7% | 8.2% | 5.1% | 5.1% | −4.6% | 0.0000 | 3.0% | 0.0140 |
| V | 6.6% | 7.2% | 6.4% | 4.7% | 4.5% | −2.7% | 0.0150 | 4.9% | 0.0010 |