Table 1.
Transcriptional changes of type I interferon signaling pathway members in canine distemper virus-infected compared to control dogs.
| Gene Symbol | Acute | Subacute | Chronic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pattern recognition receptors | |||
| Eif2ak2 (PKR) | 17.71 * | 15.62 * | 6.90 * |
| Ifih1 (MDA5) | 22.26 * | 33.76 * | 20.76 * |
| Tlr2 | 2.10 * | 2.84 * | 4.52 * |
| Tlr3 | 4.76 * | 5.87 * | 8.00 * |
| Tlr7 | 2.87 * | 2.83 * | 2.60 * |
| Interferon regulatory factors | |||
| Irf1 | 14.73 * | 30.13 * | 13.98 * |
| Irf3 | 1.17 | 1.23 | 1.32 |
| Irf5 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.71 |
| Irf7 | 45.42 * | 113.54 * | 24.65 * |
| Nfkb1 | 1.23 | 1.59 * | 1.39 |
| Type I interferons | |||
| Ifna1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ifnb1 | −1.00 | 1.01 | −1.00 |
| Type I interferon receptors | |||
| Ifnar1 | 1.33 | 1.53 * | −1.14 |
| Ifnar2 | 1.21 | 1.52 * | 1.25 |
| Signal transducers | |||
| Irf9 | 8.16 * | 11.44 * | 3.38 * |
| Jak1 | 1.12 | −1.27 | −1.22 |
| Socs1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Stat1 | 12.03 * | 19.19 * | 7.12 * |
| Stat2 | 3.21 * | 4.57 * | 2.63 * |
| Tyk2 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Interferon-stimulated genes | |||
| IFI44 | 69.67 * | 78.05 * | 23.72 * |
| Ifi44l | 275.63 * | 419.93 * | 109.23 * |
| Ifit1 (Isg56) | 93.57 * | 179.05 * | 47.07 * |
| Ifit2 (Isg54) | 39.89 * | 77.21 * | 25.89 * |
| Isg15 | 590.52 * | 928.35 * | 245.71 * |
| Isg20 | 4.62 * | 8.05 * | 2.87 |
| Mx1 | 11.44 * | 15.98 * | 7.35 * |
| Mx2 | 47.68 * | 147.59 * | 38.43 * |
| Oas1 | 42.18 * | 71.15 * | 10.97 * |
| Oas2 | 80.24 * | 173.57 * | 34.76 * |
| Oasl | 44.47 * | 118.26 * | 33.62 * |
| Oasl2 | 4.42 * | 8.14 * | 2.61 * |
| Rnasel | 5.88 * | 9.07 * | 3.29 * |
| Major histocompatibility genes class I/II | |||
| DLA-12 (MHC I) | 6.72 * | 10.64 * | 4.94 * |
| DLA-64 (MHC I) | 24.52 * | 37.51 * | 18.07 * |
| DLA-79 (MHC I) | 10.49 * | 36.99 * | 9.17 * |
| DLA-88 (MHC I) | 17.87 * | 135.55 * | −4.80 |
| DLA-DQA1 (MHC II) | 12.19 * | 30.97 * | 17.87 * |
| DLA-DQB1 (MHC II) | 13.34 * | 22.98 * | 14.09 * |
| DLA-DRA (MHC II) | 5.27 * | 8.34 * | 6.78 * |
| DLA-DRB1 (MHC II) | 6.65 * | 9.77 * | 7.64 * |
Shown are fold changes in acute, subacute and chronic lesions. Significant fold change differences are shown in italics and marked with an asterisk (* p < 0.05). Bold letters indicate up-regulation higher than 4.0. Legend: DLA: dog leukocyte antigen; Eif2ak2: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 2; Ifi: interferon-induced protein; Ifih: interferon-induced with helicase C domain; Ifit: interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats; Ifna: interferon α; Ifnb: interferon β; Ifnar: interferon α receptor; Irf: interferon regulatory factor; Isg: interferon-stimulated gene; Jak: janus kinase; MDA: melanoma differentiation antigen; MHC: major histocompatibility complex; Mx: myxovirus (influenza virus)-resistant protein; Nfkb: nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells; OAS: 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase; PKR: protein kinase R; Socs: suppressor of cytokine signaling; Stat: signal transducer and activator of transcription; Rnasel: ribonuclease L; Tlr: toll-like receptor; Tyk: tyrosine kinase.