Table 1.

Eligibility criteria for considering the studies in the review.

	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Types of studies	• Randomized trials• Written in English	Unpublished studies, conference abstracts/posters
Types of participants	• People with type 2 diabetes• The studies with a mixed population, such as individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes were only considered if separate data for type 2 diabetes patients were provided	• Interventions that focused on patients with type 1 diabetes or gestational diabetes or diabetic retinopathy• The studies whose participants included healthcare providers or other stakeholders rather than patients or consumers of health care services
Types of interventions	• Mobile phone-based text messaging interventions that involved the delivery of behavior change content through short message services (SMS), multimedia message services (MMS) or instant messaging using mobile messaging apps like WhatsApp• Interventions that used at least one type of tailoring variable such as personalized message or feedback on behavior• Interventions including a non-tailored control/comparison group	• Mobile app or web-based interventions without any mobile-phone-based text messaging component to deliver behavior change messages• The studies delivered generic (standard) messages or only included the appointment and simple medication reminders (prompts) or instructions for medication use (i.e. insulin dose adjustment) • The studies used audio or voice message (including Interactive Voice Response (IVR) messages) without using any mobile text messaging component• The interventions delivered generic (standard) messages• The studies whose messages included only the appointment and simple medication reminders (prompts) or instructions for medication use (i.e. insulin dose adjustment)
Types of outcomes	• At least one of the measures of self-management behaviors described by Diabetes Canada2 diet (including nutrition, healthy eating, calorie intake), physical activity, medication adherence or glycated hemoglobin monitoring (HbA1C)	• Clinical measures other than HbA1C, and attitudinal and behavioral variables related to intervention development or process/implementation evaluations such as usability, feasibility and cost-effectiveness