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. 2018 Nov 3;1(4):40. doi: 10.3390/mps1040040

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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(a) Real image of the focusing and beam positioning section of a pTIRF microscope. Red and green lines show the path of the lasers. (12—mirror, 13—mirror, 14—focusing lens, 15—micrometer, 16—prism. The prism is mounted on the clamp that is attached to the prism support-arm (yellow). (b) Schematic of the smFRET setup with DNA Holliday junction (HJ) bound to the surface of a flow cell. An evanescent wave is created at the quartz/buffer interface by total internal reflection of lasers when passing through the prism (see Technical Notes for detail).