(A) Expression of GGCX, VKORC1, and VKORC1L1 in mammary epithelial cells expressing TWIST (top) or RAS (bottom). (B) Summary table of gene expression in non-tumorigenic breast cells (MCF10A) and breast cancer cell lines: ER+ (MCF7), HER2+ (SKBR3, BT474), and triple negative (MDA-MB-231, Hs578T, and SUM159PT). For A-B, data was normalized to 18S and expressed relative to control cells (A-HMLE or HME, B-MCF10A) set to 1. Fold-change values represent mean of 3 independent biological replicates run in duplicate. A shows fold change ± SD. *Significantly different compared to control (p < 0.05) as measured by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test. (C) Western blot for GGCX and GAPDH loading control in breast cancer cell lines and mammary epithelial cells expressing RAS (HME-RAS) or TWIST (HMLE-TWIST).