Table II.

Generalized Estimating Equations Predicting Child Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total Problem Behaviors

	Total			Internalizing			Externalizing
Predictor	B	SE B	95% CI	B	SE B	95% CI	B	SE B	95% CI
Household food insecurity	0.19*	0.08	0.04, 0.34	0.27**	0.08	0.11, 0.43	0.08	0.09	−0.10, 0.27
Income-to-needs ratio	0.07	0.03	0.00, 0.13	0.10*	0.04	0.02, 0.17	0.04	0.04	−0.04, 0.12
Child gender	−0.02	0.04	−0.10, 0.05	0.06	0.04	−0.02, 0.14	−0.04	0.04	−0.13, 0.04
Child age	0.00	0.14	−0.03, 0.02	0.00	0.02	−0.04, 0.03	0.00	0.02	−0.03, 0.03
Parent age	0.00	0.00	−0.01, 0.00	−0.01	0.00	−0.01, −0.00	0.00	0.00	−0.01, 0.00
Parent race
Black	−0.20**	0.07	−0.35, −0.05	−0.29**	0.08	−0.46, −0.13	−0.17	0.09	−0.34, 0.00
Non-White Hispanic	−0.18*	0.07	−0.40, −0.06	−0.17*	0.08	−0.33, −0.01	−0.23**	0.09	−0.40, −0.06
Caregiver educational status	−0.11*	0.04	−0.18, −0.03	−0.14**	0.04	−0.22, −0.06	−0.11*	0.04	−0.20, −0.02
Marital status	−0.06	0.04	−0.15, 0.03	0.03	0.05	−0.06, 0.12	−0.18**	0.06	−0.29, −0.07
Domestic violence	0.19**	0.04	0.11, 0.26	0.14**	0.05	0.05, 0.23	0.21**	0.05	0.12, 0.30
Maternal depression	0.03**	0.00	0.03, 0.04	0.04**	0.00	0.04, 0.05	0.03**	0.00	0.02, 0.03
Neighborhood problems	0.01**	0.00	0.01, 0.02	0.02**	0.00	0.01, 0.02	0.02**	0.00	0.01, 0.02

Note. Child gender: 1 = male, 2 = female. Parent race reference category is “white.” Caregiver educational status: 0 = no high school diploma, 1 = high school diploma or higher (excluding GED). Marital status: 0 = not married, 1 = married. Domestic violence: 0 = no events in past year, 1 = >0 events in past year. CI = confidence interval.

^*p < .05. **p < .01.