. 2018 May 11;148(6):944–951. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxy058

TABLE 2.

Cumulative average healthful dietary pattern scores and risk of moderate or worse hearing loss in the Nurses’ Health Study II (1991–2013) (n = 70,966)¹

Diet score	Quintile 1	Quintile 2	Quintile 3	Quintile 4	Quintile 5	P-trend
AMED
Median score²	2.0	3.0	4.0	5.0	6.0
Person-years	238,833	207,508	230,133	206,373	230,563
Cases	448	381	447	342	338
Age-adj. RR (95% CI)	1.00 (ref)	0.90 (0.79, 1.04)	0.95 (0.83, 1.08)	0.80 (0.69, 0.92)	0.70 (0.61, 0.81)	<0.001
MVRR³ (95% CI)	1.00 (ref)	0.90 (0.78, 1.04)	0.94 (0.82, 1.08)	0.79 (0.68, 0.92)	0.70 (0.60, 0.82)	<0.001
DASH
Median score²	17.0	21.0	24.0	27.0	31.0
Person-years	227,803	217,456	229,174	223,732	215,247
Cases	458	430	371	371	326
Age-adj. RR (95% CI)	1.00 (ref)	0.97 (0.85, 1.11)	0.80 (0.70, 0.92)	0.80 (0.70, 0.92)	0.70 (0.61, 0.80)	<0.001
MVRR³ (95% CI)	1.00 (ref)	0.97 (0.85, 1.11)	0.82 (0.71, 0.94)	0.81 (0.70, 0.94)	0.71 (0.61, 0.83)	<0.001
AHEI-2010
Median score²	34.0	41.5	47.0	53.0	62.0
Person-years	223,097	222,041	227,662	216,844	223,768
Cases	400	421	402	364	369
Age-adj. RR (95% CI)	1.00 (ref)	1.02 (0.89, 1.18)	0.95 (0.83, 1.09)	0.86 (0.74, 0.99)	0.82 (0.71, 0.95)	<0.001
MVRR³ (95% CI)	1.00 (ref)	1.07 (0.93, 1.22)	1.00 (0.87, 1.16)	0.92 (0.79, 1.07)	0.92 (0.79, 1.07)	0.10

¹Age-adj.RR, age-adjusted relative risk; AHEI-2010, Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010; AMED, Alternate Mediterranean diet; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; MVRR, multivariable-adjusted relative risk; ref, reference.

²Median dietary pattern adherence score at baseline.

³Multivariable models adjusted for: age, race, BMI, waist circumference, physical activity, history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tinnitus, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, acetaminophen use, and total energy intake.