Figure 1.

Calculation of orbit orientation in carnivores. (A) Anatomical landmarks in three dimensions used to define the planes to analyse the orientation of the orbit: Op (orbitale posterius), most posterior point of the orbit; Oa (orbitale anterius), most anterior point of the orbit; Ol (orbitale lateralis), most lateral point of the orbit; Os (orbitale superius), highest point of the orbit; Tp, most posterior point of the temporal fossa; Pr, prostion; Ns, nasion; In, inion; Bs, basion. (B) Convergence angle (β) measured as the dihedral angle between the sagittal plane (blue) and the orbital plane (green). (C) Orbitotemporal angle (Ω) measured as the dihedral angle between the temporal plane (blue) and the orbital plane (green); (D) Frontation angle (α) measured as the dihedral angle between the dorsal plane (blue) and the orbital plane (green).