Akural 2009.

Methods	RCT, DB, single oral dose, 4 parallel groups. Medication administered when baseline pain was of at least moderate intensity. Pain assessed at baseline and every 15 min to 2 h, then hourly to 8 h.
Participants	Surgical removal of 1 or 2 impacted third molars. N = 82 (84 cases; 2 participants had 2 operations), 76 (78 cases) assessed (4 protocol violations, 2 inadequate pain). M 31, F 45. Mean age: 23 years.
Interventions	Ketoprofen 100 mg, n = 20. Paracetamol 1000 mg, n = 18. Ketoprofen 100 mg + paracetamol 1000 mg, n = 20. Placebo, n = 20.
Outcomes	PI: standard 4‐point scale. Use of rescue medication. Time to use of rescue medication. AEs: any, serious. Withdrawals.
Notes	Oxford Quality Score: R1, DB2, W1. Participants asked to wait ≥ 1 h before using rescue medication.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	"randomly assigned", "computer‐generated allocation schedule".
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐dummy design, "patients were given identical sealed containers of study medication".
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐dummy design, "patients were given identical sealed containers of study medication".
Size	High risk	< 50 participants per treatment arm.