Study	Reason for exclusion
Abdulhamid 2008	Intervention is zinc supplementation, not an OCS.
Adde 1997	Intervention was only given in hospital and while it does not explicitly state the duration of the intervention it is highly unlikely to meet our inclusion criteria of at least one month. Furthermore, there is no evidence of randomisation.
Best 2004	OCS not given to increase calorie intake.
Bruzzese 2007	Intervention is a pro‐biotic, not an OCS.
Caramia 2003	OCS not given to increase calorie intake.
Ellis 1998	The products used were formula‐based infant milks and not OCS.
Grey 2003	Supplements used for reasons other than to increase calorie input.
Haworth 2004	Intervention is calcium and vitamin D supplements, not an OCS.
Kane 1991	OCS taken for less than one month. Both groups received OCS.
Lepage 2002	No comparison with a group not receiving OCS.
Lloyd‐Still 2001	Intervention not an OCS.
McKenna 1985	Supplements not given orally.
Milla 1996	OCS not given to increase calorie intake. OCS given for period less than one month.
Oudshoorn 2007	Intervention uses micronutrient supplements not OCS.
Papas 2007	Pharmacokinetic trial of different formulations of vitamin E supplementation, not OCS.
Patchell 2001	Not a randomised controlled trial.
Sondel 1987	OCS taken for less than one month. Both intervention groups received supplements.
Steinkamp 2000	Groups not comparable at the start of the study and quasi‐randomised design.

OCS: oral calorie supplements