4.

Pain on movement in participants with hip fracture between 20 and 30 minutes after block placement. The effect size is proportionate to the concentration of local anaesthetic (mg/mL) used in lidocaine equivalent (P < 0.00001).

Local anaesthetic concentration in lidocaine equivalent (calculated as follows: lidocaine = 1, bupivacaine = 4, chloroprocaine = 1.5, dibucaine = 4, etidocaine = 4, levobupivacaine = 3.9, mepivacaine = 0.8, prilocaine = 0.9, procaine = 0.5, ropivacaine = 3 and tetracaine = 4).