Study	Reason for exclusion
Bech 2011	Different intervention: local anaesthetic infiltration
Bölükbasi 2013	No outcome of interest. Conference abstract. Not enough details on possible outcomes of interest in the abstract. Study authors contacted on 25 May 2015. Confirmed that they were the authors of the abstracts but did not provide requested information
Durrani 2013	Different population. 47 proximal fractures, 28 shaft fractures and 9 distal fractures. Mean age 42 years. Email sent 17 March 2016, to request separate data for participants with a proximal fracture. No reply
Foss 2005	Different intervention: epidural analgesia
Fujihara 2013	Not randomized: "The included patients were assigned to one of two groups in alternating order"
Ghimire 2015	Different intervention. Comparison between fascia iliaca block and femoral nerve block for positioning for spinal anaesthesia
Gorodetskyi 2007	Different intervention. This was a randomized study of 60 participants with a trochanteric hip fracture fixed with a sliding hip screw or a trochanteric external fixator. After surgery, participants were randomized to an active non‐invasive interactive neurostimulation device or to a sham device. The active device generated biphasic electrical impulses. Participants allocated to the active group had a reduced level of pain, a reduced analgesic requirement and a greater range of flexion of the injured limb. We excluded the study as it was not a study of nerve blocks
Hussain 2014	Different intervention. The amount of local anaesthetic used (bupivacaine 12.5 mg/kg of body weight) exceeds recommendations
Hwang 2015	No outcome of interest at our selected time points (a study may be legitimately excluded if outcomes of interest were not measured; Higgins 2011 Section 5.4.1). Here, pain intensity was measured at 2 and 3 hours after block placement only from the results of 2 conference abstracts for this study, and at 1, 4 and 24 hours after block placement in the third abstract. The third abstract also reported absence of a difference in opioid consumption "during the course of the study (no specific time point mentioned for this outcome) on preliminary results:12.0 mg of morphine equivalent (6 participants) versus 12.9 mg for the control group (8 participants); P value 0.88." This result was not retained in the analysis. Adding it would not change the conclusions for opioid consumption standardized mean difference ‐0.71 (95% confidence interval ‐0.94 to ‐0.48); I2 statistic = 44%, with this result vs standardized mean difference ‐0.77 (95% confidence interval ‐0.98 to ‐0.56); I2 statistic = 30% without. No complications were recorded in either group
Irwin 2012	Retrospective study
Kang 2013	Different intervention: local anaesthetic infiltration
Kumie 2015	Not a RCT. Single‐institution case control study
Mannion 2005	Different intervention. This was a randomized trial of 36 participants who were having hip fracture surgery. All participants had a psoas block and general anaesthesia. Participants were randomized into 3 groups. A control group received a psoas block and IV saline, another group received psoas block and IV clonidine 1 mg/kg and a third group received a psoas block and peripheral clonidine. The interval from time of completion of block to first supplementary analgesic administration was longer in the IV clonidine group. Results show no significant differences among groups regarding postoperative adverse effects. We excluded the study as investigators included no 'control' group that received no block
Manohara 2015	Different intervention. Comparison between ultrasound‐guided supra‐inguinal fascia iliaca block and femoral nerve block
Marhofer 1998	Different intervention. This was a randomized trial of 60 participants. 20 received a 3‐in‐1 block with ultrasound guidance with 20 mL 0.5% bupivacaine, 20 received 20 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine and 20 received 30 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine with nerve stimulator guidance. We excluded the study as investigators included no comparison with a group without nerve block
Matot 2003	Different intervention: epidural analgesia
McRae 2015	Different population: 6 participants with shaft fracture. Letter sent 17 March 2016, to request separate data for participants with a proximal fracture. No reply
Mutty 2007	Different population. This was a randomized trial comparing femoral nerve block vs no block for 54 participants with a femoral shaft or distal femoral fracture. We excluded the study as it included no proximal femoral fractures
Piangatelli 2004	Different intervention. This was a randomized study of 80 participants undergoing lower extremity surgery that compared 4 different methods. A lumbar plexus block with 30 mL 0.5% levobupivacaine or a lumbar plexus block with 30 mL 0.75% ropivacaine or a sciatic nerve block with 10 mL 0.75% ropivacaine or a sciatic nerve block with 10 mL 0.5% levobupivacaine. We excluded the study from this review, as investigators included no 'control' group without nerve block
Reavley 2015	Different intervention. Comparison between fascia iliaca block and femoral (3‐in‐1) block for preoperative analgesia in the emergency department
Scheinin 2000	Different intervention: epidural analgesia
Schiferer 2007	Different population. This was a randomized trial of 62 participants with femoral trauma who were randomized to receive at the site of the accident a femoral nerve block or intravenous metamizole for pain. Studiy provided a variety of causes for the femoral trauma, including 20 cases of hip fracture. The nerve block was shown to reduce the degree of pain as assessed by the visual analogue scale and to reduce anxiety and heart rate. We excluded the study as it included participants with other conditions. Trialists were unable to provide separate results for hip fracture participants
Segado Jimenez 2010	Study authors informed us that the trial included participants with hip fracture and participants without hip fracture undergoing elective hip arthroplasty. They could not give us data separately for participants with and without hip fracture: "I did not registered which patients were hip fractures, just the type of surgery"
Sia 2004	Different population. Femoral shaft fractures
Turker 2003	Different intervention. This was a randomized study of 30 participants who underwent partial hip replacement surgery. 15 received general anaesthesia plus epidural block with 15 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine, and 15 received general anaesthesia plus psoas compartment block with 30 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine. Both groups had similar pain scores, but the epidural group showed greater drops in mean arterial blood pressure from baseline and more complications. We excluded the study from this review because it did not include a control group that did not receive nerve block
Van Leeuwen 2000	Different intervention. This was a randomized study of 3 different combinations of doses of local anaesthetics given to produce a 'three in one' femoral nerve block. We excluded this study from the review because it did not include a 'control' group that did not receive nerve block