Luo 2011.

Methods	Study design: open RCT Study duration: 3 weeks Follow‐up: 6 months
Participants	Country: China Setting: Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM outpatients Women were selected from those presenting with the traditional syndromes of kidney Yang deficiency and retained damp and toxic heat Number: treatment group (30); control group (30) Mean age (years): treatment group (42); control group (40) Sex: female Duration of disease (range, years): treatment group (0.75 to 23); control group (0.5 to 21)
Interventions	Treatment group Treatment combined 1 week of antibiotic treatment (selected after urine culture and microbial sensitivity tests) with two weeks of the Chinese herbal formula Bushen Tonglin Tang administered as a herbal decoction and comprised of the following herbs: Taraxacum mongolicum Hand‐Mazz. (Pu Gong Ying) 15 g, Viola philippica Cav. (Zi Hua Di Ding) 15 g, Phellodendron amurense Rupr. (Huang Bai) 15 g, Dianthus superbus L. (Qu Mai) 15 g and Polygonum aviculare L. (Bian Xu) 15 g, Talcum (Hua Shi) 10 g, Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. (Sheng Di Huang) 15 g, Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (Chao Bai Zhu) 15 g, Dioscorea oppositifolia L. (Shan Yao), Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (Sheng Gan Cao) 5 g. The resultant liquid was split into two doses and taken morning and evening for 14 days Control group 14 days of antibiotic treatment selected after urine culture and microbial sensitivity tests
Outcomes	Cured Evidence of bacteriuria at 4 weeks post‐treatment Safety data were not reported
Notes	This study is an unpublished Master's thesis Funding: not reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	A computer generated random numbers table was used for randomisation
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Participants could not be blinded because of the physical difference between decoction and antibiotic tablet
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All 60 participants completed the study and provided data at 6 months follow‐up
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Study protocol was unavailable
Other bias	Unclear risk	No power calculation was performed to determine the required sample size to adequately power the study to detect type 1 and type 2 errors Outcomes were not internationally validated or available for review in the study report Funding source not reported