Young 1989a.

Methods	Randomised clinical trial, UK
Participants	30 hospitalised adults with gastro‐intestinal neoplasms, at nutritional risk due to having lost more than 5 kg of weight over the last 3 months Male:Female = 21:9 Mean age = 65 years
Interventions	Experimental group: Group A) IVN for 3 days (0.18 g N/kg/day as amino acid; 30 kcal/kg/day as glucose)(n = 10) Group B) IVN for 7 days (n = 10) Control group: Standard hospital diet (n = 10)
Outcomes	Plasma proteins, plasma amino acids, liver protein synthesis rate
Study dates	Not stated
Notes	Same trial as Young 1989b with the results from experimental Group (A) vs control. We could obtain no contact information for the authors.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not described
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not described
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not described
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	The number of participants with incomplete data was not reported.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	No protocol could be obtained and the trial did not report on all‐cause mortality or serious adverse events.
For‐profit bias	Unclear risk	It was unclear how the trial was funded.
Other bias	Low risk	The trial appeared to be free of other components that could put it at risk of bias.